3 hard engineering schemes to manage water supply are water transfer schemes, mega dams and desalination plants
an advantage of water transfer is it reduces water insecurity, a disadvantage is water stress in source area
an advantage of desalination plants is its good for island communities a disadvantage is they are very expensive
the case study for water transfer is China and they have invested 79 billion dollars to divert water from Yangtze river in the south to yellow river in the north
a benefit of this is 100 million people have benefited already
a negative is floods by Yangtze river due to elevation changes reducing biodiversity
2 sustainable schemes in managing water supply?
smart irrigation
recycling of water
how has Singapore been managing their water?
desalination accounting for 40% of water
water pricing system, the more water you use the more expensive it is and vice versa
water recycling via high tech UV treatment accounting for 40% of water
case study for integrated drainage basin management is Colorado river
Colorado River's drainage basin extends out to 7 different states in southwest USA
supplies over 40 million Americans with drinking water through dams, reservoirs and irrigationcanals
2007, Colorado River Managementplan introduced to settle a way of managing the source during drought.
rather than divide water equally between states, water was allocated based on size of water deficit of each state
an advantage of mega dams is have possibility to increase water security for many people
a disadvantage is water can be lost through evaporation