human biology exam 2

• The nervous system is split into two parts called the...

  central and peripheral nervous system (CNS and PNS)
• The two anatomical structures of the CNS are...

  brain and spinal cord
• The two divisions of the PNS are the...

  somatic and autonomic divisons (SNS and ANS)
• Name the three functions of the nervous system.

  movement

  sensory input

  brain body communication
• Somatic: Voluntary or involuntary?

  voluntary
• Automatic: Voluntary or involuntary?

  involuntary
• The _______ division of the PNS is responsible for skeletal muscle regulation, voluntary skeletal muscle control, and involuntary spinal reflexes.

  somatic
• The _________ division of the PNS is responsible for regulation of cardiac and smooth muscle as well as glands in order to complete involuntary processes in the body.

  autonomic
• Name the five parts of a neuron.

  dendrite, axon, axon terminal, myelin sheath, soma/cell body
• The ________ collects information from axon terminal and sends electrical impulses to the cell body.

  dendrites
• The ____ conducts electrical impulses.

  axon
• The ____ ________ releases neurotransmitters.

  axon terminal
• The ______ ______ speeds the transmission of impulses.

  myelin sheath
• Electrical impulses are interpreted in the ____.

  soma (cell body)
• Two neurons come together and pass chemical signals from one cell to another. This is what happens at a typical _______.

  synapse
• _________________ are chemical messengers that transmit signals from nerve cells to target cells.

  neurotransmitters
• Name two examples of neurotransmitters.

  epinephrine and norepinephrine
• Name the three types of neurons.

  sensory

  motor

  interneurons
• _______ neurons carry information towards the CNS.

  sensory
• _____ neurons carry information away from the CNS.

  motor
• ____________ integrate and interpret sensory signals between motor and sensory neurons.

  interneurons
• ________ ________ is a nervous system disorder where the myelin is broken down and inflamed causing nerve fiber damage.

  multiple sclerosis
• Name the 4 lobes of the brain.

  parietal

  occipital

  frontal

  temporal
• Name the three functions of the frontal lobe.


  motor activity

  conscious thought

  speech
• Name the function of the parietal lobe.

  sense of touch
• Name the function of the occipital lobe.


  visual information
• Name the three functions of the temporal lobe.


  interpret sound

  understand language

  perceptual judgement
• The ______ ______ help to produce emotion and memory.

  limbic system
• Name the 4 parts that make up the limbic system.

  thalamus

  hypothalamus

  amygdala

  hippocampus
• The ________ is responsible for receiving, processing, and transferring information.

  thalamus
• The ____________ is responsible for influencing behaviors related to homeostasis, like hunger, thirst and sex.

  hypothalamus
• The _______ is responsible for linking sensory memories to emotional stress.

  amygdala
• The ___________ is responsible for the retention of long term memory.

  hippocampus
• The ________ receives and integrates information concerning emotions and conscious thought.

  cerebrum
• The cerebrum is split into what?


  right and left brain
• The right brain is responsible for what two things?

  synthesis and visual motor tasks
• The left brain is responsible for what three things?

  analysis, speech, and language
• Name the three sections of the spinal cord.

  cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), and lumbar (lower back)
• The ______ ____ provides a conduction pathway to and from the brain.

  spinal cord
• Name the six parts of the brain (lobes included).

  frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobe, brainstem and cerebellum