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• Book Review or Article Critique


  A specialized form of academic writing where the reviewer evaluates the contribution to knowledge of scholarly works such as academic books and journal articles
• Book Review or Article Critique

  • Usually ranges from 250 to 750 words
  • It is a critical assessment, analysis, or evaluation of a work and not just simply a summary
• Structure of a Book Review or Article Critique


  • Introduction
  • Summary
  • Review/Critique
  • Conclusion
• Introduction


  1. Title of the book

  2. Writer's name

  3. Writer's thesis statement
• Summary


  1. Writer's objective or purpose

  2. Method used (if applicable)

  3. Major findings or claims
• Review/Critique


  1. Soundness of explanation concerning other available information and experts

  2. Sufficiency of explanation

  3. Other perspectives in explaining the concepts and ideas
• Conclusion


  1. Overall impression of the work

  2. Scholarly value of the reviewed article or book

  3. Benefits to the intended audience

  4. Suggestions for future directions
• Guidelines in Writing a Book Review or Article Critique

  • Read the article or book to be reviewed carefully to get its main concept
  • Reread it to get the arguments being presented
  • Relate the content of the article or book to what you already know about the topic
  • Situate your review by anchoring it on the theories presented by the book or article writer
  • Examine if the findings are supported or not
  • Give suggestions on how the writer can improve their reasoning or explanation
  • Discuss how the same topic is explained from another perspective
  • Show your reaction by expressing your assertion or counterclaims to the writer's ideas and present an explanation
• Literature Review


  A critical evaluation of the material or subject, including an integrated analysis and synthesis of scholarly articles related to the topics or issues included in your written essay, thesis, dissertation, or journal article
• Two Structures of Literature Review

  • Chronological Literature
  • Thematic Literature Review
• Steps in Writing a Literature Review

  1. Introduction

  2. Main Body

  3. Conclusion

  4. References
• Strategies for Writing a Literature Review

  • Summary
  • Synthesis
  • Analysis
  • Evaluation

  
• Research Report


  An academic document that outlines the processes, data, and findings of a systematic investigation, considered a summary of the research process that highlights findings, recommendations, and other important details
• Elements of Research Report

  • Title
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Literature Review
  • Methods
  • Results
  • Discussion
  • Reference
  • Appendices
• Project Proposal


  A highly persuasive and informative document that aims to address a particular problem or issue, usually a bid or offer to initiate a project for an individual or a group, ranging from 1,000 to 2,500 words
• Types of Project Proposals

  • Solicited Internal
  • Unsolicited Internal
  • Solicited External
  • Unsolicited External
• Parts of a Project Proposal

  • Cover Letter
  • Title Page
  • Abstract or Executive Summary
  • Context of the proposal
  • Project Justification
  • Personnel Involved
  • Project Implementation
• Project Proposal


  A document that presents a plan for a project, including its justification, implementation, budget, and monitoring and evaluation
• Parts of a Project Proposal

  1. Title Page

  2. Abstract

  3. Table of Contents

  4. Context of the Proposal

  5. Project Justification

  6. Personnel Involved

  7. Project Implementation

  8. Budget

  9. Monitoring and Evaluation

  10. 10. Reporting Scheme

  11. 11. Conclusion

  12. 12. References
• Context of the Proposal

  • Describes the socio-economic and political background in which the proposal is situated
  • Presents the data collection from other sources that are relevant to the planning stage
• Project Justification


  • Provides the rationale for the project
  • Includes a problem statement
  • Includes why a problem is a problem or issue that requires immediate attention
  • Specifies the target group's needs
  • Presents the approach or strategy
  • Describes the capability of the implementing organization or group by stating its track record
• Personnel Involved


  • List of the people involved in the project, their corresponding roles, and their summary of qualifications
• Project Implementation


  1. Activity plan which specifies the schedule of activities

  2. Resource plan which specifies the items needed in implementing the project

  3. Describes the activities and resource allocation in detail, as well as the person in charge of executing the activities

  4. Indicates the time and place of activities
• Budget


  • Presents the expected income and expenses over a specified period and itemizes the budget
• Monitoring and Evaluation


  1. Specifies when and how the team will monitor the progress of the budget

  2. Specifies the method used for monitoring and evaluation

  3. Specifies the personnel in charge of the monitoring and evaluation
• Reporting Scheme


  • Specifies the schedule for reporting the finances and the progress of the project
• Conclusion


  • Briefly describes the project, the problem it addresses, and its benefits to all stakeholders through a summary
  • Directs the readers back to the good features of the project
  • Urges the readers to contact the proponent to work out the details of the project proposal
• Formatting requirements for a Project Proposal
• Proposals are persuasive documents that need to highlight reader benefits, prove your credibility in carrying out the project, and allow the reader to respond easily
• Position Paper


  A type of paper that takes one side of an argument about a certain issue and presents such an argument in an organized manner
• Parts of a Position Paper

  1. Introduction

  2. Body

  3. Conclusion
• Introduction of a Position Paper

  • Grabs the attention of readers
  • Defines the issue and provides a thorough background
  • Includes a thesis statement
• Body of a Position Paper


  • States your main arguments and evidence
  • Provides counterarguments against possible weaknesses of your arguments
• Conclusion of a Position Paper

  • Restates your position and main arguments
  • Suggests a course of action
  • Explains why your position is better than any other position
  • Ends with a powerful closing statement (e.g., a quotation, a challenge, or a question)
• Steps to Write an Effective Position Paper

  1. Select a topic/issue

  2. Do your research

  3. Formulate a thesis statement

  4. Organize the structure of your paper
• Résumé


  A formal summary of your experiences, background, and interests as they relate to employment
• Functions of a Résumé

  • Informs the employers of the skills that you can bring to the company
  • Shows how qualified you are for the job
  • Functions as a persuasive document which allows you to proceed to the next stage of the recruitment process, the interview
• Components of a Résumé

  • Contact Information
  • Summary of Qualifications
  • Objective Statement
  • Employment History
  • Education
  • Skills
  • Training
  • Organizations
  • Professional Licensure and Certifications
  • Honors and Awards
  • References and Signature