1.3 Transition Metals

    Cards (12)

    • Transition metals compared to group 1
      • Harder and stronger
      • Higher melting points (except for mercury) and higher densities
      • Much less reactive and don't react as vigorously with oxygen or water
    • Transition metals
      • Chromium
      • Manganese
      • Iron
      • Cobalt
      • Nickel
      • Copper
    • Chromium
      Lustrous, brittle, hard metal
    • Manganese
      Hard and very brittle, difficult to fuse, but easy to oxidise
    • Iron
      Good conductor, rusts easily in air, strong, ductile
    • Cobalt
      Brittle, hard, high melting point
    • Nickel
      Hard, malleable, and ductile, fairly good conductor of heat and electricity
    • Copper
      Highly ductile and conductive, malleable and soft
    • Typical properties of transition metals
      • They have ions with many different charges
      • Form coloured compounds
      • Are useful as catalysts
    • Ion charges of transition metals
      • Chromium: +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
      • Manganese: +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7
      • Iron: +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
      • Cobalt: +2 +3 +4
      • Nickel: +2 +3 +4
      • Copper: +1 +2 +3
    • Colours of compounds with transition metals
      • Chromium: +2 +3 +6
      • Manganese: +2 +4 +6 +7
      • Iron: +2 +3
      • Cobalt: +2 +3
      • Nickel: +2
      • Copper: +2
    • Uses of transition metals as catalysts
      • Chromium: Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (2H2O2 -> 2H2O + O2)
      • Manganese: Haber process (N2 + 3H2 ↔ 2NH3)
      • Nickel: Manufacture of margarine (adding H2 to double bonds)