Persuasive Text & Narrative Text

• Persuasive Text

  • aims to convince the readers to agree with the writer
• Three Common tools used in the art of Persuasion

  1. Ethos
  2. Pathos
  3. Logos
• • Ethos - pertains to the credibility of the person by highlighting his expertise and experience about the issue presented.
• • Pathos - relates to the emotions and sentiments of the audience by using loaded expressions that may result in a subjective way of analyzing an issue.
• • Logos - signifies the logic or the kind of reasoning that is put forward by the writer or speaker. In this manner, an intellectual and critical way of stating claims and evidence is needed.
• Outlining - an effective technique for formulating a persuasive text
• Principle of Outlining

  1. Parallelism
  2. Coordination
  3. Subordination
  4. Division
• Parallelism - All the headings follow the same grammatical structure. If the first heading begins with a noun, then the rest should start with a noun as well.
• • Coordination - All the headings should have equal weight or importance.
• • Subordination - The supporting details or subheadings are less important ideas than the major headings.
• • Division - Each heading should be divided into two or more parts.
• Narrative

  • a story or an account of an event
  • tells what happened
  • has a beginning, middle, and end
  • also contains a setting, conflict, characters, and dialogue
• BASIC ELEMENTS OF A NARRATIVE:

  • Setting
  • Characters
  • Plot
  • Conflict
  • Mood
  • Theme
• 1. 1. Setting - When and where the story takes place. the geographical location: country, city, town, village, etc.
• Characters - The main characters and supporting characters, including people, animals, and their characteristics
• TYPES OF CHARACTERS:

  • Flat
  • Dynamic
• Flat - has one kind of personality trait throughout the story
• Dynamic - a character which changes in the story as time passes
• 3. Plot - The events that inform the action in the text. describes the structure of the story: how the events and actions that take place throughout the story are arranged.
• PARTS OF A PLOT:

  1. Exposition
  2. Rising Action
  3. Climax
  4. Falling Action
  5. Denouement
•  Exposition - beginning of the story
• Rising Action - the conflicts or issues leading to the climax
• Climax - the most intense or most exciting part of the story/the turning point in the story
• Falling action - events that follow the climax
• Denouement - resolution or conclusion of events
• 4. Conflicts - problems or challenges faced. and what the characters need to overcome
• TYPES OF CONFLICTS

  • Internal
  • External
• Internal - a struggle within the self
• External - a struggle against a forces outside the self
• Mood - The general feeling of a story

  • The emotions the story intends to invoke
• Theme - the universal truth in the story. The key message or central idea developed throughout the writing; for example, friendship or overcoming anxiety
• Personal Recount - orientation, sequence of events, evaluations, or comments
• Factual Recount - a formal letter or email, a newspaper account, or an eyewitness account