CPAR

• Art


  The expression or application of human creative skill and imagination producing to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or emotional power
• Art


  • Can be in a form of creative activity such as paintings, dance, music, and literature
  • Is not for everyone - a work of art is something not everyone is meant to understand
• Art is everywhere - it is very much part of our lives
• Art is found everywhere, not just in concert halls, museums, and art galleries
• Art is accessible only to those who can afford to pay for its enjoyment and the critics and scholars who have time to study the art objects
• We cannot ignore the presence of art
• We find art in the clothes and accessories we wear; in the design of our furniture and the style of the houses we build and vehicles we use
• Art exists in all forms of human society and in every generation because it serves some foundation of human needs
• Art as expression and communication

  • We express our emotional state by some visible signs and activities
  • Expression in the arts is not limited to the revelation of emotional alone, but also conveys personal and penetrating psychological insights into human reality
  • The artist uses symbols which are organized into some comprehensible equivalent of the experience that he is trying to convey
  • If the symbols are understood by his audience, the communication has been established
  • But sometimes it is not the artist's main intention to communicate
• Art is not nature
• Nature


  • Is evanescent (quickly fading or disappearing) and always recreating itself
  • Art is a non-repeatable and unchanging
• The origin of art history can be traced back to the Prehistoric Era
• Arts through the Ages

  • Contemporary art - new arts forms
  • Romantic art - self expression
  • Modern art - fine arts
  • Renaissance - genius and design
  • Christian period - craftsmanship
  • Roman period - skills
  • Greek period - techniques
• Contemporary art (1980s-20th century)


  • Is the art that springs out of the present-day events and passions of the society
  • Functions in a global society that is culturally diverse and technology oriented
  • Has become a collaborative process, and the audience plays an active role in a reality and constructing meaning about the work of art
• Why we need to study contemporary arts


  • It serves as a form of expression of the people's present feeling and longings
  • Arts and politics
  • Arts and society
• Pablo Picasso


  • Was the leading artist of his time
  • "In 15,000 years we have invented nothing" - meaning that we have not advanced
  • There is a story about ancient art and Pablo Picasso visiting the famous Palaeolithic cave in northern Spain, Altamira
• Various Art Forms in the Philippines

  • Contemporary Era - ethnic art, integral of art, using art to live
  • Islamic Art - geometric designs
  • Spanish Era - religion/faith
  • American Era - education
  • Japanese Era - orientalizing, from the east part, personality or attitude of the people
  • Modern Era - identity
  • Contemporary Art - social realism, changing the human condition
• Categories of Art in the Philippines

  • Pre-Colonial Arts - ethnic arts, Islamic arts
  • Colonial Arts - spanish colonial art, american colonial art, Japanese colonial art
  • Post-Colonial Art - modern art, contemporary art, exchange of ideas, influence, inspiration
• Art forms in the different regions vary in subject, theme, style medium, and technique
• The art shares the same tradition and influences which our country has undergone for more than centuries
• Space


  • Can be defined as a void, an emptiness which can be either be positive or negative
  • Positive space refers to a space enclosed in a shape, while the negative space denotes the opposite
  • In other art forms, space can be referred to as an interval or pause, in literature, it is the pause between words whereas in music, is the interval between notes
  • Atmospheric perspective - utilizes the properties of light and air in depicting the illusion of distance
  • Linear perspective - involves the use of vanishing points and receiving hidden lines
• Line


  • The extension of a point, a short or long mark drawn or carved on a surface
  • It is an implied path suggesting direction: vertical, horizontal, diagonal
  • It can have different character: jagged, curved, series of dots or broken lines
  • In performing arts and literary arts, a line may refer to the script, alone; it's the steps that a dancer makes
• Shape and Form

  • When the ends of the line meet, they form a shape
  • Shape can be either be geometric (angular) and organic (curvy)
  • Form is an enclosed line, a figure separate from its background
  • Shape is two-dimensional
• Color


  • Probably the most striking art element that catches the eye
  • It is a sensation created by visible wavelength of light caught in a prism
  • It is a mixture of organic or synthetic substances called pigments used a paint or dye
  • Color creates a mood or tone, such as red for passion, anger, love; blue for peace, nobility, or sadness; and yellow for gaiety, innocence, or jealousy
  • Color also varies from dull to bright depending on its intensity
  • Color can also have different meanings, depending on one's culture
• Value

  • In visual arts, value is the degree of lightness and darkness of color
  • In music, it is called pitch, which is the highness or loudness of a tone, the tone color or timbre refers to the quality of the sound
  • Like color, value suggests an atmosphere or mood, also found in other art forms (e.g. strong contrast, suggests a strong emotional response, especially in writing)
• Texture


  • Is the surface of an artwork
  • Can be actual or tactile, meaning, it can really be felt by touch; or it can be simulated or illusory, which means it can only be see, not felt
• Paintings


  • The process of applying color on a flat surface
  • Forms can be created using a wide variety of materials such as watercolor, acrylic, oil, pastel, and charcoal
  • Surface for painting include wood, canvas, cardboard, and paper
  • Considered as two-dimensional meaning only has height and width
• Forms of Painting

  • Easel Painting - the most common form of painting which involves applying color to a board or a canvas that is fixed on the upright support called easel
  • Murals - huge wall-sided painting used to impact message to the public
  • Telon Painting - backdrop or background for the stage which are used for komedya, sarsuela, and sinakulo
  • Collage - a form of painting that involves combine images in a single artwork
• Themes of Painting

  • Genre Painting - portrays people in daily activities
  • Historical Painting - depicts a scene from the past, concerning national values
  • Interiors - painting of the space inside of a part of a house or a building
  • Landscapes - portrays natural scenery or urban scene
  • Portraits - a painting of one or more specific individuals
  • Nudes - portray the unclothed human figures
  • Religious painting - common subject includes religious image, lives of the saints and scenes based on the sculptures
• Sculpture


  • The branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions
  • Durable sculptural processes originally used carving and modelling, in stones, metals, ceramics, woods and other materials but since modernism, there has been an almost complete freedom of materials and process
  • In contrast to painting, sculpture has 3-dimensions - height, width, and depth. It is created by carving, modelling, or assembling parts together
• General Kinds of Sculpture

  • Free Standing - a kind of sculpture that can independently stand in space
  • Relief - does not have a flat horizontal base, projected from a flat surface (low relief/bass relief - slightly higher from the ground, high relief - stands out from the flat surface)
  • Assemblage - formed by putting together materials such as found objects, pieces of paper, sponges, wood scraps, and other materials
  • Kinetic Sculpture - considered as a sculpture in motion because the entire sculpture or some parts of the sculpture are moving with the wind or are vibrating with the surrounding air
  • Welded Sculptures - connecting sheets of metal together by using an acetylene
• Sculpture


  Has 3-dimensions - height, width, and depth. It is created by carving, modelling, or assembling parts together.
• General kinds of sculpture

  • Free Standing
  • Relief
  • Assemblage
  • Kinetic Sculpture
  • Welded Sculptures
• Free Standing sculpture


  • Can independently stand in space, has a flat horizontal base
• Relief sculpture

  • Does not have a flat horizontal base, projected from a flat surface (Low Relief/Bass Relief - slightly higher from the ground, High Relief - stands out from the flat surface)
• Assemblage


  Formed by putting together materials such as found objects, pieces of paper, sponges, wood scraps, and other materials
• Kinetic sculpture


  Considered as a sculpture in motion because the entire sculpture or some parts of the sculpture are moving with the wind or are vibrating with the surrounding air
• Welded sculptures

  Connecting sheets of metal together by using an acetylene or electric torch
• Other forms of visual art

  • Advertising Art
  • Bamboo Art
  • Basketry
  • Costumes
  • Embroidery
  • Food Art
  • Komiks and Editorial Cartoon
  • Leaf Art
  • Personal Ornaments
  • Photography
  • Pottery
  • Printmaking
  • Textile Weaving
  • Tattoo Art
• Advertising art

  Using paid space or time in any media to encourage the public to patronage certain goods and services