Cell division 2

• Chromosomes that are found in all genders

  • Autosomes
• Y chromosome


  Chromosome that carries the SRY gene
• Monohybrid


  Cross for one trait that occurs between heterozygotes
• Dihybrid


  Cross for two traits that occurs between heterozygotes
• Alleles


  Different versions of a gene
• Locus


  Location of a gene on a chromosome
• Phenotype


  The observable characteristics of gene alleles in an individual
• Genotype


  The alleles an individual carriers on their genes
• Dominant


  This version of a gene shows its phenotype even if there is just one copy
• Recessive


  The version of the gene that is seen only if both chromosomes carry the same allele
• Incomplete dominance


  Version of dominance where the heterozygote shows a new phenotype
• Codominance


  Version of dominance seen with the AB blood type
• Percentage of offspring that show the recessive phenotype in a cross between Tt and Tt is 25%
• Linked


  Genes that are found near each other on the same chromosome
• Nondisjunction


  Results in homologous chromosomes NOT separating during Anaphase I
• Aneuploid


  Too many or too few chromosomes
• Haploid


  Having one copy of all the chromosomes
• Diploid


  Having two copies of all the chromosomes
• Deletion


  Chromosomal rearrangement that results in a loss of genetic information
• Duplication


  Chromosomal rearrangement that results in an increase of genetic information
• 1. inactivation


  Process that turns off the genetic information of one of the X chromosomes in females
• Pleiotropic


  Genes that can affect the expression of many other genes
• Epistatic


  Genes that affect the expression of one other gene