RELIGION

• HUMANISM

  • Took root in schools eg St Pauls - led by John Colet - chose governors from city guild + curriculum had works of Erasmus
  • University education / legal training replaced the Church to rise in politics
  • Erasmus' ideas (Erasmianism) influenced young English humanists
• ENGLISH CULTURE

  • HVIII = promoter of humanism
  • ↑ in schools - humanist approach to education
  • Classical learning ↑ among elite groups in society
  • Educated diplomats ↑ - communicated with other countries in elegant style
  • English humanists became very influential
• Was the humanist writer who was Lord Chancellor from 1530 - 1532 Thomas More or Starkey?

  More
• Did renaissance ideas influence the tombs of HVIIIs parents?

  Yes (commissioned Pietro Torrigiano)
• WEAKNESSES OF CHURCH (pre reform)

  • Corruption - inc. pluralism ( profits of 1+ posts ) + non - residence (profits but absent from post)
  • Anticlericalism - lawyers objected to influence of canon law + clerical misconduct
  • Decline of use of monasteries - made Wolsey dissolve around 20 houses in the 1520s
• Richard what's death was involved in a bad case of clerical misconduct?

  Hunne
• EARLY PROTESTANTISM

  • Martin Luther attack on Church in Germany - 1517
  • German Protestants came in the 1520s
• Was there a lot or little protestant ideas before the Kings Great Matter?

  Little
• Justification by faith was the belief that a person could achieve grace just through the faith
• Did protestants believe in transubstantiation or consubstantiation?

  Consubstantiation
• What year was the Act of Supremacy which made Henry VIII the head of the Church of England?

  1534
• TEN ARTICLES - 1536

  • Only penance, baptism + Eucharist = necessary for salvation
  • Praying to saints for forgiveness = banned
  • Confession = praised (Catholic)
• FIRST ROYAL INJUCTIONS (1536)

  • Against beliefs on pilgrimages , relics + images
  • Clergy had to teach prayers in English
• The dissolution of monasteries were from 1536 to when?


  1540
• The Bishops Book restored the other 4 sacraments in 1537 (although lower status)
• SIX ARTICLES ACT - 1539

  • Denial of transubstantiation = heretical
• Did the Six Articles act of 1539 reassert Protestant or Catholic doctrine?

  Catholic
• When was the first edition of the Great (English) Bible published?

  1539
• SECOND ROYAL INJUNCTIONS (1538)

  • Removed images
  • Continued baptisms , marriages + burials
  • Placing of English Bible in Churches
• When was the first English Bible published by Coverdale?

  1535
• DISSOLUTION OF MONASTERIES

  • Enforced by Thomas Cromwell
  • 1536 Act - Dissolved smaller monasteries
  • 1539 Act - Dissolved remaining monasteries
• Was the dissolution of monasteries more to do with religion or money?

  Money
• CAUSES FOR DISSOLVING MONASTERIES

  • Corruption - poor standards of behaviour + piety
  • Symbol of Catholic doctrine
  • Outdated - 1535 Poor Law gave support + printing press = less scribes
  • To finance HVIIIs wars against France
  • Provided land - loyalty could be bought with it
• CONTINUITY IN RELIGION BY 1547

  • Hierarchy of Church
  • Services still same - still in Latin + music = important
  • Fall of Cromwell + Six Articles Act (1539) - weakened reform
• CHANGE IN RELIGION BY 1547

  • Authority of the Pope ↓ - HVIII had more control
  • Dissolution of monasteries - Church resources given to crown
  • Churches had to have English Bibles (a lot didn't)