G8 - Q4 Midterms

• Sin


  Greek, "hamartia" meaning "to miss the mark"
• Sin


  Referring to allowing our own conscience's call towards good, rejecting God, and our own true selves and others, breaking God's loving covenant with us
• Seven capital sins


  • Pride
  • Avarice
  • Envy
  • Wrath
  • Gluttony
  • Sloth
• Mortal sin


  3 conditions: Grave matter, Full knowledge, Complete consent
• Venial sin


  A less serious offense against God, does not deprive our soul of sanctifying grace, easily pardonable
• Overcoming sins


  1. Believe that God is merciful and forgives our sins

  2. Through the Sacrament of Reconciliation, we experience God's mercy and forgiveness
• Baptism


  Sacrament that opens the door to the other sacraments, Greek "baptizein" meaning "to plunge or to immerse into the water", by the grace of baptism we share a new life in Christ
• Celebration of baptism


  1. Performed by triple immersion in the baptismal water, or by pouring the water 3 times over the head

  2. White garment symbolizes purity of the soul

  3. Candle symbolizes that Jesus Christ is the light of life
• Children who cannot know all these things are baptized in the faith of the Church and of their parents and godparents
• We can only be baptized once, because of an indelible spiritual mark/character called the baptismal seal
• Pencil is the most important tool in drawing
• Types of pencil leads

  • Soft leads (darker, thicker lines, easily expire)
  • Medium leads (not thick/thin, for plates)
  • Hard leads (malabo, not dirty, doesn't expire quickly)
• Drawing tools


  • Pencil
  • Eraser
  • Sharpener
  • Compass
  • Ruler
  • Protractor
  • Canister/Canvas
  • T Square
  • Triangles
  • Triangular Scale
• Past tense


  Action/situation that happened in the past
• Past perfect tense


  Subject + had + past participle, 2 events that happened in the past
• Time indicators for past perfect

  • Before
  • When
  • By the Time
  • After
  • As soon as
  • The moment that
  • Until
• Past perfect - 2 event/actions that happened in the past,

  simple past - 1 event/action
• Active voice


  Subject-verb-object, if the subject is the doer
• Passive voice


  Focus of the sentence-past participle-receiver (FPR), subject is the receiver
• Rules for using passive voice


  • Used when stating something unsure (no subject/receiver)
  • The receiver is unimportant
  • It is much politer, and used in academic writing
• In academic writing, passive voice is much more appropriate and avoids bias
• Awit


  12 syllables per line, 4 lines, marahon or andante (slow, melancholic)
• Korido


  8 syllables per line, 5 lines, mabilis o allegro (fast, happy)
• Francisco Baltazar y Dela Cruz was the Prinsipe ng manunulang Pilipino
• Women in Baltazar's life

  • Magdalena Ana Ramos
  • Maria Asuncion Rivera
  • Juana Timbeng
• Florante at Laura was written by Baltazar in 1838 to avoid censorship by the Spanish authorities
• Florante at Laura used the conflict between Moros and Christians as an allegory to criticize the cruelty of the Spanish colonial rule
• Baltazar used places and characters from other countries, but the actions, customs, and culture were Filipino
• 4 hidden rebellions in Florante at Laura

  • Rebellion against cruel government
  • Rebellion against low-class literature
  • Rebellion against conflicting beliefs
  • Rebellion against bad customs
• Selya: 'Reflection on his lost love, the bittersweet memories, and his desire to die'
• Selya was named after St. Cecilia, the patron of music
• The muses of Greek mythology were created for Baltazar to forget his grief
• The siren was a water nymph with a melodious voice and beautiful singing
• Baltazar left lessons for the readers of his works to appreciate and understand the full meaning of his writings
• Places described in Florante at Laura

  • Pebo (goddess of water)
  • Cipres (tall cypress trees)
  • Higera (fig tree with broad leaves)
  • Ilog Cocito (dangerous river in hell)
  • Sierpe (fierce snake)
  • Basiliko (monster with a patterned appearance)
  • Hiena (similar to a wolf)
  • Tigre (fast and fierce animal)
  • Avernong Reyno (kingdom of hell)
  • Pluto (king of hell)
  • Reynong Albanya (large city in Greek hell)
  • Konde Adolfo (lost hope)
• FLERIDA - kasintahin ni Aladin, tinangka agawin ng ama niya
• HTML SUBTITLE
• HTML structure


  1. Doctype declaration

  2. Head section with title

  3. Body section with header, subtitle, and content
• Attributes


  Additional information provided within HTML tags
• Attributes demonstrated


  • center
  • h1
  • h3
  • p style="color: red"