PHYSCI

• Matter


  Anything that occupies SPACE and has MASS
• Chemistry


  Deals with the study of MATTER
• Elements


  Substances that CAN'T BE BROKEN DOWN INTO SIMPLER SUBSTANCES
• Atom


  SMALLEST particle of an element
• Subatomic particles


  • Neutron = ZERO charge
  • Proton = POSITIVE charge
  • Electron = NEGATIVE charge
• Big Bang Theory


  A theory that states that the universe was developed 13.7 billion years ago from a very small, dense and hot state called SINGULARITY which started to collapse and expands
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis


  A process which CREATES NEW ATOMIC NUCLEUS from preexisting nucleons
• Light elements formed in big bang nucleosynthesis


  • Hydrogen
  • Helium
  • Some Lithium and Beryllium
• Nuclear Fusion


  A process of COMBINING TWO NUCLEUSES to produce new element
• Stellar Nucleosynthesis


  A process occurring WITHIN THE STAR by which LIGHTER ELEMENTS are fused together to create another element
• Supernova Nucleosynthesis


  Responsible for creating RARER ELEMENTS HEAVIER THAN IRON AND NICKEL
• Leucipus and Democritus


  Called the small pieces of matter as "ATOMOS" which means INDIVISIBLE
• Aristotle


  Affirmed that there are four elements FIRE, WATER, EARTH and WIND
• John Dalton


  Proposed the MODERN ATOMIC THEORY
• Modern Atomic Theory


  • All matter is composed of atoms
  • Atoms cannot be subdivided, created, or destroyed in ordinary chemical reactions
  • Atoms of an element have a characteristic average mass which is unique to that element
  • Atoms of any one element differ in properties from atoms of another element
• Joseph John Thompson/J.J. Thompson


  Formulated the PLUM PUDDING MODEL of the atom where he believed that the ELECTRON particles are like plums in a POSITIVELY CHARGE PUDDING
• Ernest Rutherford


  Formulated the NUCLEAR MODEL of the atom where he believed that ELECTRONS revolves around a POSITIVELY CHARGE CENTER of the atom which he called the NUCLEUS
• James Chadwick


  Conducted the same experiment as Ernest Rutherford and discovered the subatomic particle NEUTRON
• Neils Bohr


  MODIFIED AND IMPROVED the nuclear model of the atom of Ernest Rutherford by placing the ELECTRONS in SPECIFIC ENERGY LEVEL
• Atomic Number


  No. of PROTON
• Atomic Mass


  No. of Proton plus No. of Neutron
• Isotopes


  Elements with the same ATOMIC NUMBER but different ATOMIC MASS
• Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner's Law of Triads


  First to arrange the elements into THREE
• John A. Newlands' Law of Octaves


  Arranged the elements according to INCREASING ATOMIC WEIGHT where the chemical properties REPEAT IN AN INTERVAL OF EIGHT
• Dmitri Mendeleev's Periodic Table


  Arranged the elements according to increasing atomic weight and was the first to tabulate the elements
• Henry Moseley's Periodic Table


  Arranged the elements according to INCREASING ATOMIC NUMBER
• CATHODE RAY TUBE 


  - Thompson used the CATHODE RAY TUBE experiment to formulate his PLUM PUDDING MODEL.
• GOLD FOIL EXPERIMENT 


  -          ERNEST RUTHERFORD used the GOLD FOIL EXPERIMENT where he bombarded it with alpha particle.
• BARIUM 


  Instead of using gold, James used BARIUM in his experiment.
• SINGULARITY 


  a very small, dense and hot state which started to collapse and expands.
• Big bang Theory was developed when?

  13.7 billion years ago