ICT 201

• SOFTWARE / PROGRAMS - consists of all the electronic instructions that tell a computer how to perform a task.
• APPLICATION SOFTWARE - software that provides entertainment or do specific tasks.
• 3 Basic components of System Software: Operating System, Device Drivers and Utility Programs
• OPERATING SYSTEM - The software that manages the computer and is the principal component of system software.
• DEVICE DRIVERS - helps the computer control the peripheral devices.
• UTILITY PROGRAMS - are used to support, enhance, or expand existing programs.
• LANGUAGE TRANSLATOR - 4th type of system software
• BOOTING - process of loading an operating system into a computer's main memory.
• COLD BOOTS - when you power up a computer by turning on the power on switch.
• WARM BOOT - when the computer is already on then you restart it.
• BOOT DISK - a floppy disk or a CD that contains all the files needed to launch the OS.
• SUPERVISOR / KERNEL - the central component of the OS; it manages the CPU.
• MEMORY MANAGEMENT - the operating system also manages memory.
• VIRTUAL MEMORY - allows a computer to hold only the most immediately needed data and programs within main memory.
• QUEUE - a first-in, first-out (FIFO) queue is a queue in which the first element to arrive is the one to be removed.
• BUFFER - disk area where the programs or documents wait.
• SPOOLING - The process of storing data in a buffer until it is needed.
• 5 things that operating systems do: BOOTING, CPU MANAGEMENT, FILE MANAGEMENT, TASK MANAGEMENT, SECURITY MANAGEMENT.