The Philippines Before the Coming of The Spaniards

• Manunggul Jar


  Container or URN used by our forefathers where the remains of their dead were placed
• Alibata

  Ancient Filipino alphabets used by the Tagbanuas in Palawan
• Dawn Man


  Name given by Dr. Otley Beyer to the first Filipino believed to have appeared 250,000 years ago
• Negritoes


  Among the smallest people on earth believed to have appeared between 25,000 to 30,000 years ago
• Indonesians


  The first immigrants to reach the Philippines by sea
• Ifugaos, Igorots and other tribes in Mindanao


  Descendants of the terrace-building tribes of Northern Luzon
• Tabon Man/Palawan Man


  The first Filipino according to Dr. Robert Fox
• Tabon Cave, Palawan


  Where the oldest human fossil was found by Dr. Fox and his group
• Maragtas


  The traditional chronicle of ancient Panay
• Pedro Monteclaro

  Believed to be the writer of "Maragtas"
• Bathala


  The chief of the gods of the pre-Christian Tagalogs
• The great story about the ten Malay datus from Borneo


  • They founded the first political confederation and constitution in the country
• Political confederation of barangays


  Led by Datu Sumakwel
• Datu Sumakwel


  The oldest and wisest of the Bornean datus who colonized the country
• Mahabharata


  Hindu epic that provided inspiration to epics in the Philippines like "Darangan" of Lanao and "Ibalon" of the Bikol region
• Orang Dampuans


  Promoted commerce between Sulu and Champa and transmitted their Indianized culture to the Buranuns, natives of Sulu
• Chinese


  Influenced the Filipinos in the art of metallurgy and manufacture of gunpowder
• Bathala


  Meaning "Great Lord" as a Sanskrit "Bhattara"
• Main characters in Philippine epics

  • Bantugan (Maranao)
  • Lam-ang (Ilokanos)
  • Alim and Hudhud (Mt. Province)
  • Maragtas Madya-as (Bikolanos)
• Hindus


  Influenced our fables like: the monkey and the turtle; the hawk and the hen; the deer and the snail; and the story of Juan Tamad
• There are 340 Sanskrit words in the Tagalog language according to Dr. T.H. Pardo de Tavera
• Ma-Tuan-Linn


  Chinese chronicler who recorded the earliest known authentic date of the Sino-Philippine relations of 982 A.D.
• Wen Shiann


  Name of the document where this record was listed
• Tung Kao


  Recorded China's trade with Ma-I in 1225
• Chau-Ju-Kua


  The book where he recorded China's trade with Ma-I
• Cheng Ho


  Chinese who has become part of the Tausog folklore, specifically in the story of the "Durian and Its Bad Smell"
• Ming Shih (Annals of the Ming Dynasty)


  Document which recorded the epic poems and the invasion of Borneo by the warriors of Tausugs of Sulu
• Start of the Philippine-China (Sino) relations


  (10th century-Sung Dynasty: 960-1280 A.D.)
• Cheng Ho


  Headed the first Chinese expedition to the Philippines
• Paduka Pahala (eastern king); Mahalachithm (western king); and Paduka Prabu (mountain king)


  The three Filipino kings from Mindanao who headed the largest Philippine mission to visit China in 1417-1424