General Biology 1

• Organ - consists of different types of tissues that carry put particular functions
• Roots - vascular plant in the soil that absorbs mineral
• Stem - elongate and orient the shoot in a way that maximizes photosynthesis by the leaves
• Leaves - exchange gases with the atmosphere
• Tissues - group of connected cells that have similar functions
• Meristem - cells that can divide leading to a new cells that can elongate and become differentiated
• Apical Meristem - increases the plants growth. relates to an apex. found in the tips of the stem and roots.
• Lateral Meristem - increases the plants diameter. found in the lateral position of the stem and root
• Intercalary Meristem - facilitates the growth of leaves and branches
• Ground Tissue - simple and permanent tissue
• Collenchyma - support areas of the plant which are exhibiting primary growth
• Parenchyma - to synthesize and to store various organic products
• Sclerenchyma - supporting elements of the plant
• lignin - due to some plants parts are stiff
• Vascular Tissues - complex and permanent tissue
• xylem - 1transport water and dissolve mineral (unidirectional)
• phloem - transport food and nutrients including sugar and amino acid (bi-directional)
• Epidermis - non woody plant. protects and plants and aids prevent from water loss
• Periderm - woody plant. protective layer that replace epidermis
• Cell modification - alterations in cells that distinguish them from one another
• cilia - hairlike extensions
• motile cilia - to aid the movement of material in the cell surface
• non motile cilia - aid the sensory organells
• Flagella - for movement. move in a snake like motion
• Microvilli - small finger like extensions that increases the surface of the cell to make absorption
• pseudopodia - temporary extensions of the cytoplasm which aid phagocytosis or engulfing of cells
• adipose - stores fat molecules
• arcolar - fills space
• ligament - connect bones
• cartilage - protect bones from rubbing
• interphase - preparation stage