Geloc

• Information and Communication Technology (ICT)


  Collectively refers to the technologies, both hardware and software, that enables human to communicate
• The beginning of ICT can be traced back when humans started to use objects to communicate with one another
• ICT began along the rise of humans
• Four main periods of ICT

  • Premechanical Period
  • Mechanical Period
  • Electromechanical Period
  • Electronic Period
• Premechanical Period


  1. 3 000 BCE - when the Premechanical Period started

  2. 1450 BCE - when the Premechanical Period ended
• Papyrus Plant


  Where papers are made
• Libraries


  First data center in history
• Libraries


  • Library of Celsus, Ephesus
• Abacus


  Manually operated device, same as modern calculator, first device to process information
• Mechanical Period


  1. 1450 - when Mechanical Period started

  2. 1840 - when Mechanical Period ended
• Mechanical Period


  • Interest in automating and spreading up numerical calculations grew
  • Machines driven by mechanical means (steam engine, gears)
• Mechanical Period


  • Pascaline
  • Analytical Engine
• Pascaline


  Mechanical calculator, invented by Blaise Pascal and Wilhelm Schickard
• Analytical Engine


  First programmable mechanical computer, invented by Charles Babbage (Father of Computer)
• Ada Lovelace


  First programmer who programmed Algorithm
• Electromechanical Period


  1. 1840 - when the Electromechanical Period started

  2. 1940 - when the Electromechanical Period ended
• Electromechanical Period


  • Telegraph
  • Telephone
• Telegraph


  Used to transfer information over long distances, coded with sounds of dots and spaces, invented by William Cooke and Charles Wheatstone in 1837
• Samuel Morse


  American inventor who introduced the first single-circuit telegraph in 1844, Morse code
• Telephone


  Enables the voice transmission over long distances, invented and granted the patent of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876, converts sound energy to electricity
• Telegraph were used in the Second World War to avoid information being intercepted by enemy
• Electronic Period


  1940's - when Electronic Period started
• Four Main Events in Electronic Period

  • The Late Vacuum Tubes Period
  • The Transistors Period
  • The Integrated Circuit Period
  • Computer Processor Period
• Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)


  First electronic and general purpose computer, marks a revolutionary period in computing, was a big machine that occupied an area of 167 m²
• Transistors


  Electronic device with properties and functions similar to vacuum tubes, the foundation of every electronic device, was invented in 1947
• Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL)

  High level, general purpose language
• Integrated Circuit


  A device that is composed of a group of transistors and its circuit elements compressed in a single package devices, invented by Jack Kilby in 1958
• World Wide Web


  Enables you to access hypertext documents and other files over the internet, was proposed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989
• Web Generations


  • Web 1.0 (Read Only Web)
  • Web 2.0 (Read and Write Web)
  • Web 3.0 (System Executing Web)
• Web 1.0 (Read Only Web)

  Where hypertext is accessed by users, no facilities to interact with other
• Web 2.0 (Read and Write Web)


  Started with the need to interact with web pages, enables users to view and edit the content of the file they were accessing, where blogging started to popularized
• Web 3.0 (System Executing Web)

  Envisioned to the smarter access of hypertext files and a version that would enable a wide range of search in a fast manner
• Social Media


  High impact user application, started together with web 2.0, used in communicating and socializing with other application users in virtual community
• Different Formats of Social Media Platforms

  • Blogs
  • Enterprise
  • Social Networks
  • Forums
  • Photo-sharing sites
  • Product Selling
  • Review Sites
  • Research Sharing Sites
  • Special Interest Groups
  • Social Games
  • Video Sharing
• Vitality


  The effectiveness of a web site content
• Philippines has the longest browsing average- 4 hrs and 17 mins
• Web Applications


  • Research and Information Seeking
  • Web Search Engine
  • Research Indexing Sites
  • Massive Online Open Course
  • Employment Web Sites
  • Electronic Commerce
• Web Search Engine


  Designed to search or mine the WWW based on keywords provided by users (e.g. Bing, Google, Duckduck Go, Yahoo)
• Research Indexing Sites


  Websites dedicated to compile and index researches done by academic researchers, engineers, etc. (e.g. Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore)
• Massive Online Open Course

  Tutorial sites, websites dedicated to teach and inform users focused on different areas (e.g. Edx, Coursera, Udemy)