RADANA APPENDICULAR

• 80 bones - how many bones in axial skeleton
• 126 bones - how many bones in appendicular
• bone - is composed principally of calcium
• ligament - A small band of dense, white, fibrous elastic tissue that connects the ends of bones together
• tendon - A tough, flexible and inelastic band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones
• Joint - Hold the bones of the skeleton together and support movement
• 64 - upper limb
• glenoid process - whic is separated from thr remainder by the neck of the scapula
• spine - whic arises from the posterior surface of the scapula and separated the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae
• coracoid process - which project anteriorly from the upper border of the neck of the scapula
• clavicle - lies almost horizontally between the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints
• clavicle - begins to ossify before any other bone in the body
• humerus - the hemispherical head of thr humerus is separated from the greater and lesser tubercles by the anatomical neck
• the shaft just below the tubercles is narrow and is called the surgical neck pf the humerus
• the articular for the elbow joints has a capitellum for articulation
• troclea for the olecraanon fossa of the ulna
• the upper part of the ulna the olecranon is hook-shape
• the concavity of the hook the trochlear fossa
• in thhe proximal row, from lateral to medial are the scaphiod, lunate and triquetral bones, withe the pisiform on the anterior surface of the triquetral
• the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate make up the distal row
• the femur is the longest and the strongest bone in the body
• the lower end of the femur is expanded into two prominent condyles united anteriorly as the patellar suface
• the most prominent parts of each condyle are called thr medial and lateral epicondyle
• the upper end of the tibiais expanded as the tibial plateau
• tibia - this has an articular surface with a large medial and a smaller lateral condyle
• the lower end of tibia has the medial malleolus
• fibula - is mainly a site of origin of the muscles and has no weightbearing function
• fibula it has a lower end expandedd as the lateral malleolus
• calcaneus - this is the largest tarsal bone
• calcaneus - it lies under the talus
• quadriceps femoris - muscles that flex the hip and extend the knee and found anteriorly
• quadriceps femoris made up of the: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
• Hamstrings - posteriorly lie the extensors of the hips, the glutei and the flexors of the knee
• hamstrings made up the: biceps femoris, semimembranosus and semitendinosus