POINTERS IN UCSP

• Social Control


  The set of means to ensure that people generally behave in expected and approved ways
• Deviance


  The recognized violation of cultural norms
• Conformity


  The act of exhibiting the same behavior as most other people in a society, group, etc.
• Anthropological Perspectives


  • Anthropological Functionalism
  • Anthropological Structuralism
  • Cultural Materialism
  • Historical Particularism
  • Cultural Diffusionism
  • Unilineal Evolutionism
• Forms of Deviance


  • Innovation - rejecting the use of socially accepted means to achieve success
  • Ritualism - rejecting the importance of success goals but continue to toil as conscientious and diligent workers
  • Retreatism - withdrawal from the society and does not care about success
  • Rebellion - attempts to change the goals and means of society
• Kinds of Evolution


  • Biological - any genetic change in a population inherited over several generations
  • Cultural - the development of one more cultures from simpler to more complex forms
  • Social - the process of social development from an early simple type of social organization to one that is complex and highly organized
  • Political - involves efforts to create control over a subsystem of any socially organized as well as the process of exercising control
• Social Groups based on Perspective


  • In-Group - often perceived as odd and indifferent
  • Minority Group - relatively less dominant in terms of size, status or degree of influence
  • Reference Group - one is not necessarily a member but they serve as a point of comparison
• Fields of Anthropology


  • Cultural Anthropology
  • Linguistic Anthropology
  • Archaeology
  • Biological Anthropology
• Sociological Perspectives


  • Sociological Functionalism
  • Sociological Conflict Perspective
  • Symbolic Interactionism
  • Evolutionism
• Areas of Sociology


  • Human Ecology
  • Applied Sociology
  • Social Psychology
• Social Groups based on Purpose


  • Interest Group - formed to protect and promote the trade, interests, and well-being of its members
  • Pressure Group - from the private sector to influence the public's views
  • Task Group - constitutes a pool of workers labor force, or performers following a chain of command to complete a task
• Social Groups based on Structure


  • Primary Group - members conduct themselves informally, interact spontaneously, sympathetic with one another and enjoy each other's company
  • Secondary Group - members conduct themselves according to role expectation and treat each other with acknowledgement to status and degree of acquaintance
• During the Neolithic Revolution, agricultural societies developed and their population increased into millions. They also settled permanently and improve the technology for farming.