digestive system

• The rate of movement across membranes can be increased by microvilli and increase the number of protein channels and carrier proteins.
• ileum absorbs nutrients (vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins) and water from food.
• The ileum is adapted to the function of absorbing the products of digestion. The wall of the ileum is folded and possesses finger-like projections, about 1 mm long, called villi.
• protein is hydrolyzed by peptidase
• proteins are hydrolyzed into amino acids
• carbohydrate are hydrolyzed into monosaccharides
• lipids are hydrolyzed into fatty acids and glycerol
• Maltase is produced by the lining of ileum
• Amylase work at neutral pH
• Pepsin is a enzyme used to digest protein into amino acids produce in stomach
• pepsin work in acidic environment so it dont work when in small intestine
• bile salt produced by liver split lipids into small drops called micelles
• emulsification is the process of breaking down lipids into smaller droplets
• The final product of starch digestion in the gut is glucose
• 3 enzymes produced by epithelium of the ileum is maltase, sucrase, and lactase
• enzymes produced by the pancreas are lipase, amylase and protease