specimen collection, handingling, & macro exam of urine

• 2 hour post prandial - screening for diabetes
• first morning - pregnancy testing
• 24 hour urine - quantitative chemistry
• suprapubic - cytology examination
• random - routine urinalysis
• preserves chemical analytes - toluene
• used for drug screen - NaF
• for cytology examinations - formalin
• preserves sediment - thymol
• bacteriostatic for timed urines - HCl
• faintly aromatic - normal urine
• fruity odor - diabetes mellitus
• maple syrup odor - MSUD
• mousy odor - phenylketonuria
• ammonia odor - bacterial infection
• specific gravity of distilled water - 1.000
• cause of normal color of urine - urochrome
• normal range for 24 hr urine volume - 600 - 2000 mLs
• cause of normal odor of urine - urinod
• straw to dark yellow color - normal urine color
• measures dissolved substances of urine - specific gravity
• in collection of urine, a catheterized urine is collected for: all of these are correct
• if a urine sample is allowed to sit for over 2 hours unpreserved, ammonia will be formed from the bacterial breakdown of: urea
• unpreserved, unrefrigerated urine specimens must be transported to the laboratory within: one hour
• the most likely cause of an abnormal amber color of urine is: bilirubin
• the best means of preserving a urine sample for glucose testing is to use: NaF
• the normal appearance of urine is: clear
• a urine component that turns urine a dark brown-black color upon exposure to room temperature/room air is: melanin
• the urine test analyte that is affected the least by improperly storing urine is: protein
• the first voided urine sample is recommended for routine urinalysis because: most concentrated so slightly abnormal results detected
• cloudiness exhibited in a urine specimen may be due to the presence of: precipitated crystals & bacteria
• the pink sediment in refrigerated urine is most likely: amorphous urates
• a urine specimen developing a "port wine" color while standing at room temperature should be tested for: porphyrins
• the statement about sample collection for routine urinalysis that is true is: samples may be stored at room temperature for up to two hours
• on macroscopic examination of urine, a cloudy, red-colored urine may be due to the presence of: intact RBCs
• the decomposition of urea by bacteria in a urine sample left at room temperature over 2 hours causes the urine to: becomes alkaline
• the clarity (appearance/character) of a urine sample should be determined: after mixing the sample
• In collection of urine for routine bacteriological culture, the statement that is inappropriate is: sample may be held @ 2-8 C for up to 72 hours before plating
• The phrase, "clean-catch" means the patient collects the urine sample: after cleansing the urethral opening
• In the collection of a timed urine sample, the first urine specimen is: discarded