ncds

• Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)


  Diseases that are not passed from one person to another, noninfectious diseases that can be inherited or caused by lifestyle factors rather than pathogens
• NCDs

  • asthma, allergy, diabetes, heart disease, cancer
• NCDs


  • Some do not usually result in death but they can cause discomfort and suffering
• Allergy


  A disease in which the immune system becomes overly sensitive to something from the environment (dust, mites, molds, pollen from plants, food, and even medicines)
• Asthma


  Chronic lung disease that causes the passageways that allow air to enter and exit the lungs to become inflamed and narrowed that may result in breathing difficulties
• Asthma triggers

  • dust and mold, pollen, cold air, weather change, sinus infections, certain foods
• Cardiovascular disease


  A condition that affects the heart and blood vessels; may include coronary heart disease
• Fatty and salty foods or foods high in cholesterol


  May cause fat and cholesterol build up in blood vessels
• Arteriosclerosis


  Hardening and thickening of the artery wall; may be caused by atherosclerosis (narrowing of the artery due to the deposit and build-up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances on the arterial walls)
• Coronary heart disease may result in

  • Heart attack - death of the heart muscle due to lack of blood flow to the heart
  • Angina Pectoris - chest pain resulting from narrowed coronary arteries due to inadequacy of oxygen that gets to the heart
  • Stroke - occurs when blood vessels in the brain burst or blocked
• Aneurysm


  An excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall
• Diabetes


  A disease in which the body produces little or no insulin or cannot properly use the insulin it produces
• Renal failure


  Kidney failure; a condition where the kidney stops to function properly, causing renal insufficiency
• Cancer


  A group of diseases in which cells divide at an uncontrolled pace, caused by abnormal cells growing without control
• Biopsy


  Microscopic examination of the tissue to determine if a tumor is benign or malignant
• Malignant


  Refers to cancer; can infect and destroy nearby tissues and organs - known as metastasis
• Benign


  Not cancerous; harmless unless they are in a position to obstruct normal tissues and organs
• Major Categories of Cancer

  • Carcinoma - most common type of cancer; malignant tumors that begins in the epithelial tissue and spreads to other parts of the body
  • Sarcomas - begin in the connective or supportive tissues
  • Lymphomas - cancers arising from cells of the lymphatic tissues or the immune system tissues; abnormal production of white blood cells and a decrease in resistance
  • Leukemia - a blood or bone marrow cancer; abnormal production of blood cells
• Cancer Treatments

  • Radiation Therapy - treatment that employs high-energy radiation to kill or damage cancer cells; using radiation-generating machines
  • Chemotherapy - uses anti-cancer drugs that kill cancer inside the body
  • Immunotherapy - treatment where the immune system is stimulated to fight cancer cells
• Risk Reduction


  • Identify signs and symptoms of cancer
  • Have regular checkups
  • Avoid smoking and second-hand smoke
  • Avoid too much sun exposure
  • Eat fruits and vegetables
  • Observe the meat that you eat (high animal fat)
  • Exercise and have the right weight
  • Be aware of your family's history of cancer
  • Avoid drinking alcohol
  • Avoid being exposed to dangerous chemicals and airborne fibers (gasoline, diesel exhaust, arsenic, coal products, vinyl chloride, radon, asbestos, pesticides, and uranium)
• Arthritis


  A painful inflammation of joints that affects the muscles, tendons, ligaments surrounding the joints
• Types of Arthritis

  • Osteoarthritis - causes pain, stiffness, and swelling in the hips, knees, and hands
  • Rheumatoid arthritis - frequently appears on hands, wrists, and feet and can also affect other body parts
• Healthy Lifestyle


  All about making one's health and well-being a priority, a choice made by an individual, a commitment made for his/her own good and that of his loved ones
• Government Programs And Policies Related To Prevention And Control Of NCDs

  • Pilipinas Go4Health- nationwide healthy lifestyle movement spearheaded by the Department of Health (DOH); encourage to practice healthy lifestyle
  • The National Healthy Lifestyle- a collaborative campaign project of the Philippine Heart Association and the Department of Health (DOH)