Biology

• Pioneer species


  name given to lichen after a primary succesion
• The nucleus is the control centre of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) that controls all activities within the cell.
• G=green, G=yellow, The genotype for a yellow plant is….

  gg
• What is a change in an organism that allows for it to survive in its environment?

  Adaptation
• What is a phenotype 


  A physical trait Ex. Red hair
• What is short-term for the phases in mitosis?

  PMAT
• Cells

  Fundamental units of life
• Organelles


  • DNA
  • Nucleus
  • Cell Membrane
  • Ribosomes
  • Mitochondria
  • Cytoplasm
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
  • Vacuole
  • Lysosomes
  • Chloroplast
  • Cell Wall
  • Golgi Body
• DNA

  • Repository of genetic information
• Cell Membrane

  • Controls entry and exit of molecules
• Ribosomes

  • Site of protein synthesis (translation of mRNA into proteins)
• Mitochondria

  • Powerhouse of the cell, site of cellular respiration
• Cytoplasm


  • Interior of the cell
• Endoplasmic Reticulum


  • Synthesis, folding, modification and transport of proteins and lipids
• Vacuole


  • Storage of water, nutrients, and waste products, maintaining pressure, digestion and recycling of cell materials
• Lysosomes


  • Contain digestive enzymes, responsible for recycling and degradation of cell materials
• Cell Wall


  • Provides structural support, protection
• Golgi Body


  • Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion and distribution
• Cell types


  • Prokaryote
  • Eukaryote
  • Plant cell
  • Animal cell
  • Bacteria cell
• Chloroplast


  Site of photosynthesis, (glucose) from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide