Lenin believed that there was a change of a "second Kornilov affair" and that someone would try to bring back autocracy to Russia.
After the failed July offensive, the Germans were advancing eastwards and could take Petrograd in the foreseeable future.
Unrest within Germany and their armed forces raised hopes that there was growing working class support for an international communist revolution.
The next All-Russian Congress of Soviets was set for 26 October when the Bolsheviks could present Soviet power as a fait accompli and thereby undermine the opposition of the Mensheviks and SRs to the Bolshevik's plans.