diy phylum porifera

• phylum porifera

  • porous
  • sessile
  • asymmetrical
• sponges lack

  • true tissues
  • nerves
  • muscles
  • reproductive, respiratory, sensory, and excretory organs
• habitats of poriferans

  • marine
• habitats of poriferans

  • marine
  • freshwater
• poriferans mode of nutrition

  • inner layer of flagellated cells
  • filter feeders
• body symmetry of sponges

  • cylindrical
  • encrusting
  • vase
  • tube
• color of deep-water sponges

  • neutral
  • drab or brownish
• color of shallow-water sponges

  • brightly colored
  • red, yellow, orange, violet
• sponges are

  • asymmetrical or radial
• body structure

  • choanoderm- inner layer
  • pinacoderm- outer layer
  • mesohyl- middle layer
• choanocytes in choanoderm layer

  • flagellated cells lining the central cavity
  • generate water currents
  • capture small food particles or incoming sperm for fertilization
• mesohyl

  • gelatinous
  • nonliving layer
• archaeocytes in mesohyl

  • digest food particles
  • eliminate wastes
• cell types formed by archaeocytes

  • sclerocytes
  • spongocytes
• sclerocytes

  • spicules
  • calcareous (CaCO3) or siliceous (SiO2)
• spongocytes

  • spongin fibbers
• spicules and spongin

  • protection and shape
• myocytes

  • contractile cell
  • aids closing and opening pores
• pinacoderm

  • pinacocytes
• pinacocytes

  • flattened cells covering the external surface
• ostium

  • narrow opening where water enters and flows into the sponge
• osculum

  • larger opening where water exits from the sponge
• spongocoel

  • empty cavity
• mode of reproduction in sponges

  • sexually- hermaphroditic
  • asexually- fragmentation
• fragmentation (asexually)

  • a piece breaks off and develops into a new individual
• hermaphroditic (sexual)

  • fertilization may be internal or external
• sponge canal systems

  • asconoid
  • syconoid
  • leuconoid
• asconoid

  • unfolded
  • simple
• syconoid

  • folded choanocyte layer
  • incurrent canals
• leuconoid system

  • folded and subdivided
  • excurrent canals
• three major classes of sponges

  • calcarea
  • demospongiaehexactinellida
• three major classes of sponges

  • calcarea
  • demospongiae
  • hexactinellida
• hexactinellida

  • siliceous spicules
  • 6 rayed
  • sycon and leucon
  • marine
• demospongiae

  • siliceous spicules with spongin fibers
  • leuconoid
  • marine and freshwater
• calcarea

  • calcareous spicules
  • leucon, ascon, and sycon
  • marine
• sponges are sessile animals that live attached to surfaces by means of their choanocytes.
• Sponges have no true tissues or organs but rather consist of specialized cells organized into different types of tissue-like structures called mesohyles.
• The body wall is composed of the outer pinacoderm (epidermis) and inner choanoderm (endoderm).