SCIENCE ( LESSON 1: THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM )

• Digestion


  The breakdown of organic compounds into their simple forms for use by the cells
• Journey of food


  1. Starts from the mouth down to the anus

  2. Takes about 18-20 hours
• Processes in human digestive system

  • Ingestion
  • Digestion
  • Absorption
  • Assimilation
  • Egestion
• Hydrochloric acid


  Secreted by the stomach walls
• Ingestion


  The journey of taking food or any substance into the body through the mouth
• Digestion


  The process that involves break down of large food molecules into smaller molecules for easy absorption of the cells
• Teeth


  • Cut, crush, and break food apart into tiny pieces
• Saliva


  Helps mix food with saliva secreted by the salivary glands forming into a moist ball called bolus so it can be easily swallowed
• Salivary amylase


  An enzyme that breaks down starch into smaller carbohydrates
• Peristalsis


  A series of wave-like muscle contractions that push and transport foods and liquids in small sections to the stomach
• Esophagus


  A tube that attaches the mouth to the stomach
• Liver


  • Biggest organ inside the body
  • Produces bile, a green fluid that turns large fat droplets into smaller ones and stores them in the gall bladder
  • When necessary, bile gets into the small intestine and helps in the digestion of fat
• Pancreas


  • A small organ found below the stomach
  • Makes three different kinds of enzymes: amylase, peptidase, and lipase
  • Released through a pancreatic duct that aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
• Pancreas 


  produces pancreatic juice
• Intakes of food


  Ingestion
• Liver


  Produces bile
• Tongue


  helps mix the food with saliva in the mouth
• Mouth


  The entry point of the food
• Small intestine


  where the final digestion takes places
• ILeum


  Absorbs vitamin B12 and bile salts
• Lipase 


  Breaks down fats into fatty acids
• Enzymes 


  Speeds up chemical digestion
• Chyme 


  • Prodduces of digestion in the stomach.
  • a semifluid material formed from bolus that is acted upon by the gastric juices secreted by the stomach
• Stomach


  Secrets acids and enzymes
• Large Intestine


  Reabsorbs water from indigested food
• Gall Bladder

  • where bile is being stored
  • can hold about 50ml of bile
• Rectum


  Acts as temple storage of feces(tae)
• Anus


  Exit point of feces(tae)
• Bile


  Digest fats
• Amylase/Salivary Amylase


  Breaks down carbohydrates
• Duodenum


  Shortest region of the small intestine