KT3: Society and Exploration (1558-88)

• No national system of education
• Estimated 15 - 20 % literacy
• Parish schools, up to 10

  • Local, church
  • Run by clergy
  • Basic literacy - yeomen, farmers, craftsmen
• Dame schools

  • Run by wealthy women in own homes
  • Wealthy girls had private tutors
• EXPLORATION - new tech

  • More precise
  • Quadrants, astrolabes
  • Safer, direct, faster
• WHY DID DRAKE CIRCUMNAVIGATE THE GLOBE?

  • Attack Spain - raid Pacific colonies
  • Revenge - attacked Drake's fleet, most men killed
  • Profit - loot, booty, trade, investment
• SIGNIFICANCE OF CIRCUMNAVIGATION

  • Claimed Nova Albion (near san francisco) - further trade and exploration, especially to New World, where colonies established in New England
  • England's reputation as sea faring power increased, navy best means of defence
  • Trade in China, West Africa and India
  • Declining relations with Spain - Claimed much of North america, conflict with pope - awarded to spain
• CIRCUMNAVIGATION: 1577 - 1580