RAW

• Critical Reading


  Necessary for judging the text's reliability through the study of explicit and implicit information
• Explicit Information


  Any idea that is stated or found in a text, obvious meaning
• Implied / Implicit Information


  The text is being suggested through the text's details, which serves as a clue to get the right meaning of the text. The idea is not clear, needs analysis and deep thinking
• Claim


  An arguable statement, an idea that author/speaker expects an audience to accept, could be an opinion, idea, or assertion
• The word "claim" comes from the word clamare, which means "to cry out, shout"
• Types of Claims


  • Claims of Fact
  • Claims of Value
  • Claims of Policy
• Claims of Fact


  A claim that asserts some empirical truth
• Types of Factual Claims(gen to spec)


  • Factual/Historical
• Claims of Value


  A claim that asserts judgment, taste and morals, good/bad
• Claims of Policy


  A claim that asserts action/should or ought
• Evidence


  Details given by the author to support his/her claim
• Types of evidence


  • Facts and statistics (objectively validated information on your subject)
  • Opinions from experts
  • Personal anecdotes (can be used as evidence to provide real-life examples that supports the author’s argument or thesis)
• Characteristics of good evidence

  • Unified
  • Relevant to the central point
  • Specific and concrete
  • Accurate
  • Representative
• Inference


  A conclusion made based on both information/evidence and reasoning
• Ways of generating textual evidence


  • Quotation
  • Paraphrasing
  • Summarizing
• ways of generating textual evidence

  1. Point

  2. Evidence

  3. Explanation

  4. Link
• Textual evidence sentence starters/evidence based terms

  • I know because...
  • For instance...
  • The author wrote...
  • An example is...