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• SOCIAL SCIENCE


  study of phenomena

  
  

  study of society and the manner in which people behave and and influence
• PLATO


  human nature or the soul is a reflection of society and how society can achieve harmony through classes and divisions
• ARISTOTLE


  human being have a natural desire and capacity to know and understand the truth

  
  

  discussed the different type of government that can be transformed into something just and corrupt
• HERODOTUS


  how different cultures of societies converged and diverged
• AL-BIRUNI


  father of comparative religion

  
  

  founder of indology( study of history and culture)
• IBN KHALDUN


  north african muslim scholar who was the key founder of demography, history, sociology, anthropology, and economics

  
  

  history of humankind as a coherent unit of analysis
• AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT


  how societies originated, how they functioned, and how they were governed
• THOMAS HOBBES


  idea of absolute monarch are essential to enforce the will of the people

  
  

  monarch power came from the people and not from divine right
• JOHN LOCKE


  the power of the state to govern is given by the people for the protection of their inalienable rights
• MONTESQUIEU


  one of the great political philosopher of the Enlightenment

  
  

  the government having the system of check and balanced

  
  

  executive, legislative, judicial branches
• JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU


  explain that social contract exist, the enables a society to function towards a general will or common good
• THE FRENCH REVOLUTION


  one of the bloodiest in modern history

  
  

  cause by economic, social, and political problems that plagued France
• KING LOUIS XVI


  last king of France during the revolution.
• MARIE-ANTOINETTE


  Wife of Louis XVI
• CLERGY


  Church officials
• NOBILITY


  A high-ranking social class
• MASSES


  working class
• CONSEQUENCES OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

  - empowerment of working class

  - weakening of ecclesiastical and monarchial power

  - social changes created new forms
• INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION


  nonviolent source of social change
• THOMAS ROBERT MALTHUS


  population growth unless checked
• ADAM SMITH


  intensification of production goods that must not restrained government policies
• JOHN STUART MILL


  a free market will only favor the ruling elite
• RISE OF CAPITALISM


  dominant form of economy
• MIGRATION


  mass migration to cities

  
  

  slums - urban

  
  

  congestion - too blocked or over populated

  
  

  poor working condition - hazard to the employee, costumer, and visitors
• WILLIAM THOMPSON


  the term social science first appeared in his book in 1824
• KARL MARX


  unjust treatment of the working class and the need for social reform
• ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE


  technology deprived human of creativity and freedom
• AUGUSTE COMTE


  3 stages in development of reason

  
  

  1. THEOLOGICAL - assumptions

  2. PHILOSOPHICAL - critical thinking

  3. SCIENTIFIC - most accurate among all the knowledge
• POSITIVISM


  factual knowledge gained through observations
• EMILE DURKHEIM


  everything in the social realm could be quantifiably understood
• POST - POSITIVISM


  combination of logical reasoning and empirical observations
• INDUCTIVE RESEARCH


  understand theoretical concepts

  
  

  specific to general
• DEDUCTIVE RESEARCH


  test theories using newly observed data

  
  

  general to specific
• QUALITATIVE DESIGN


  non numerical data
• QUANTITATIVE DESIGN


  numerical data
• INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH


  constant sharing of theories and methodologies
• NATURAL SCIENCE


  3 primary field in inquiry

  - Chemistry

  - Biology

  - Physics

  
  

  discover law that govern the order of nature
• SOCIAL SCIENCE


  reflective understanding of social reality
• HUMANITIES


  produce wisdom
• ANTHROPOLOGY


  anthropos + logos = study of human