Social 30-1: 2A

• Proletariat

  The working class and those without capital or property
• Progressive Movement


  A movement that aims to make gradual but continual improvements in society
• Enlightenment 


  philosophical movement, rejection of traditional social, religious, and political ideas
• Thomas Hobbes 


  All humans constantly seek to destroy each other in the pursuit for power, SOCIAL CONTRACT, purpose of government is to keep law and order
• John Locke 


  At birth the mind was a blank slate and that humans are shaped by their experiences, NATURAL RIGHTS: life, liberty, and property, people could be trusted to govern themselves
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau


  Worked on the social contract, everyone was born free and equal, opposed to the idea of a elected democratic system, he believed the people should make the laws directly
• Classical Liberalism 


  central problem of politics is the protection of individual freedom and liberty
• Adam Smith 


  Wrote the wealth of nations
• Laissez Faire Economics(Let them do it)


  Advocates for minimal government interference in the economy

  • elimination of trade barriers
  • elimination of government price controls
• The invisible hand 


  concept coined by Adam Smith to illustrate hidden economic forces, the unseen forces of self-interest that impact then free market, consumers basing decisions on self-interest creates a positive outcome for the economy
• John Stuart Mill


  believed in the superiority of socialism, in which economic production would be driven by worker-owned cooperatives

  • Harm principle: people should be free to act however they wish unless their actions cause harm to others
• Socialism 


  Any ideology that contains the belief that resources should be controlled by the public for the benefit of everyone in society, and not by private interests
• Robert Owen 


  Father of British Socialism, believed that people were not responsible for their actions or outcomes
• Suffragettes

  fought for votes for women, and women's rights
• Luddites


  Violently opposed to technological change
• Chartists


  working class movement presented 3 petitions to parliament, to support the working class, all 3 were rejected
• Karl Marx


  Believed that capitalism led to inequality among citizens, his goal was to encourage communism, which would be a classless society in which everyone shared the benefits of labor and the state government controlled all property and wealth
• Marxism

  analyses the impact of the ruling class on the laborers, leading to uneven distribution of wealth and privileges
• Classical Conservatism 


  Need for the principles of natural law, moral order, tradition, hierarchy, and high culture
• Egalitarian


  Relating to or believing in the principles that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities
• Meritocracy


  Holding of power by people selected on the basis of their ability
• Proletariat


  Working class people
• Bourgeoisie


  The middle class
• Progressive movement 


  Interest in furthering social and political reform
• Coup d'etat


  a sudden, violent and unlawful seizure of power from a government