ENTOMOLOGY

• Types of Antennae (SFMSPBCGPLAS)

  Setaceous

  Filiform

  Moniliform

  Serrate

  Pectinate

  Bipectinate

  Clavate

  Geniculate

  Plumose

  Lamellate

  Aristate

  Stylate
• Setaceous

  • Bristle-like
  • Segments becoming more slender gradually.
  • E.G., Dragonflies, Damselflies, Hoppers.
• Filiform

  • Thread-like
  • Segments nearly uniform in size, usually cylindrical.
  • Ground beetles, cockroches
• Moniliform

  • Bead-like
  • Segments similar in size, more or less cylindrical.
  • Termites, Wrinkled bark beetle
• Serrate

  • Saw-like
  • Segments particularly the distal half (2/3) more or less triangular
  • Female giant click beetle
• Pectinate

  • Comb-like
  • Most segments with long, slender lateral processes.
  • Male giant click beetle, male glow-worms
• Bipectinate

  • Double comb-like
  • Athlas moth
• Clavate

  • Club-shape
  • Increase in size of segments is gradual.
  • Butterfly
• Geniculate

  • Elbowed
  • First segment long, following segments small and going-off at an angle to the first.
  • Ants, Bees
• Plumose

  • Segments with long whorls of long hairs
  • Male Mosquito
• Lamellate

  • Nested plates
  • Scarab bettle
• Aristate

  • Pouch-like with usually dorsal bristle.
  • Last segment usually enlarged and bearing a conspicuous arista
  • Houseflies and Syrphid flies
• Stylate

  • Last segment bearing an elongated terminal finger-like process called style.
  • Robber flies
• Mouthparts of Insect

  Labrum

  Labium

  Mandibles

  Maxillae

  Hypopharynx
• Labrum 


  A cover which may be loosely referred to as the upper lip
• Mandibles


  Hard, powerful cutting jaws
• Maxillae


  "Pincers" which are less powerful than the mandibles.
• Labium


  The lower cover, often referred to as the lower lip.
• Hypopharynx


  A tongue-like structure in the floor of the mouth.
• Types of Insect Mouthparts(SSCPRC)

  Siphoning

  Sponging

  Chewing-lapping

  Piercing-sucking

  Rasping-sucking

  Chewing
• Siphoning


  Galea of maxillae greatly elongated and joined to form a slender hallow tube which is coiled up under the head when not in use (proboscis).
• Sponging


  End of labium specialized into a sponge-like organ (labellum).

  E.g., Flies
• Chewing-lapping


  Mandibles and labrum are of the chewing type and used for grasping prey or molding wax or nest material;

  E.g., Bees
• Piercing-sucking 


  Presence of a tubular usually jointed beak enclosing several needle-like stylets

  E.G., Bugs
• Rasping Sucking 


  Asymmetrical conical structure located ventrally at the rear of the head.

  e.g., Thrips
• Chewing 


  Most basic Mouthparts, from which all other types have evolved, are for chewing.

  E.G., Grasshopper
• Type of legs (CRNPFSS)

  Cursorial/Gressorial

  Raptorial

  Natatorial

  Pollen Gathering

  Fossorial

  Saltatorial

  Scansorial
• Cursorial / Gressorial

  • Running/ Walking legs
  • Cockroach
• Raptorial

  • Grasping legs
  • Forelegs armed with opposing spines and spurs
  • Preying Mantis
• Natatorial

  • Swimming legs
  • Segments of forelegs flattened and with long hairs.
  • Diving beetles, water beetles
• Pollen Gathering

  • Hind tibiae clothed with hairs
  • Bees
• Fossorial

  • Digging legs
  • Forelegs with scraper-like parts
  • Mole cricket
• Saltatorial

  • Jumping legs
  • Enlarged hind femur
  • Grasshoppers
• Scansorial

  • Clinging legs
  • End of tarsus of prothoracic leg is a hook-like structure used for clinging to host.
  • Human louse
• Type of Wings (EHTHFMM)

  Elytra

  Hemelytra

  Tegmina

  Haltere

  Fringed Wings

  Membranous Wings

  Membranous with scales
• Elytra

  • Hard Sclerotized front wings serving as protective cover for membranous hindwings
  • Beetles - Coleoptera
• Hemelytra

  • Front wings that are leathery or parchment-like at the base and membranous at tip.
  • True Bugs- Hemiptera
• Tegmina

  • Front wings that are completely leathery or parchment like in texture.
  • Grasshopper, Mantids - Orthoptera
• Haltere

  • Small knob-like structure serving as gyroscopic structure
  • Flies - Diptera
• Fringed Wings

  • Margins of slender front and hindwings with long fringes of hair.
  • Thrips - Thysanoptera