Energy stores

Created by

rami

Cards (9)

Energy stores (8)
Chemical
Kinetic
Elastic
Thermal
Magnetic
Electrostatic
Nuclear
Gravitational
Energy Transfers (4)
Mechanical
Electrical
Heating
Radiation
Efficiency
Energy can not be created nor destroyed it can only be conserved
Efficiency = useful energy out put / Total energy input x100
Sankey diagrams
Conduction
What states
Steps
What are insulators used for?
How do metals conduct heat
Occurs in solids and liquids
Insulators are heated causing particles to vibrate and there adjacent molecules to also vibrate
Transferring heat energy to the colder parts Insulators are used for preventing unwanted energy transfers As metals are heated ions and electrons have more energy and vibrate more Free electrons then collide with ions transferring heat energy
Convection
What states
Steps
Examples
How to limit convection
Happens in liquids and gases (fluids)
When molecules in a fluid with high thermal energy move to an area with low thermal energy
When a fluid is heated it expands and becomes less dense therefore rises to replace the denser cooler air above which falls taking its place
water boiling and hot air balloons
To prevent convection you can prevent circulation
Radiation
What states
What bodies are best at absorbing and emitting radiation
What increases amount of infrared radiation emitted
How to limit radiation
Does not require a medium (infrared radiation )
Black bodies with a dull texture
Higher temperature and larger surface area of the body will increase the amount of infrared radiation emitted
White and Shiny surfaces reduce unwanted energy transfers ( vacuum flask)
Equations
Work done= (2)
Gravitational Potential energy
Kinetic energy
Power
Work done = energy transferred
Work done = force x distance
Gravitational Potential energy = gravitational potential x height x mass
Kinetic energy = 1/2 x speed *2 x mass
Power = work done / time
Renewable Energy
Definition
4 examples
Benefits
Disadvantages
Energy which can be replenished as quickly as it is used
Wind
Water
Geothermal
Solar Benefits - They have a potentially infinite supply Disadvantages - More costly but less reliable (e.g. not always windy)
Non renewable energy
Description
Examples 4
Have a large energy output but are finite will eventually run out
Fossil fuels- Natural Gas , oil , coal ,
They are cheaper then renewable sources but are harmful to the environment because produce Greenhouse Gasses which cause Global warming
Nuclear
Small amount of radioactive material produces a lot of energy
But produce highly toxic nuclear waste which needs to be safely stored underground for years