CPAR3

• Folk Architecture


  • Simple structures built of local materials and available tools to provide shelter for its inhabitants
• Types of Filipino folk architecture

  • Bahay Kubo or Nipa Hut
  • Bale or Ifugao House
  • Ivatan House in Batanes
  • Torogan or Maranao House
  • Badjao's Stilt Houses and Houseboats
• Bahay Kubo or Nipa Hut


  An icon to Filipino lowland and rural culture, a stilt house with walls usually made up of bamboo rods and bamboo mats or sawali, and a thatched roof made up of anahaw or nipa
• Bale or Ifugao House


  A one-room house with an attic for storage, located at the contour of the rice terraces, the exterior looks like a pyramid resting on four posts, the interior is enclosed by slanting walls and ceiling that appears to be spherical that are formed by the loft
• Ivatan House in Batanes

  Built with limestone walls, and cogon roofs, strong enough to withstand the typhoons and earthquakes, has narrow doors and windows with wooden shutters and often secured by wooden bars
• Torogan or Maranao House


  A stately house for the elite members of the Maranao tribe, a symbol of status and leadership, also serves as a courthouse, hall for community meetings, and its courtyard as ritual areas for weddings
• Badjao's Stilt Houses and Houseboats

  Badjao, the sea gypsies, cruise along the islands of Sulu, their unique ecological setting and fishing economy compel them to adjust to the limited space of their lepa or floating homes, they also live in stilt houses built out of driftwood and debris from the coastal cities
• Maritime Transports


  • Simple marine vessels made for the transport of goods and people by sea and other waterways in the surrounding regions
• Types of traditional Filipino maritime transports

  • Wooden Banca
  • Vinta
• Wooden Banca


  A small wooden outrigger canoe used for transport in daily activities by people near the coast, sometimes highly decorated

  
• Vinta


  A traditional boat made by Sama-Bajau (Badjao) and Moros living in the Sulu Archipelago, Zamboanga peninsula, and southern Mindanao, the assorted vertical colors in its sail represent the colorful culture of the Muslim community, used for inter-island transport of people and goods
• Weaving, Textile making, and Fabric Art


  • Early Filipinos weaved using fibers from abaca, cotton, pineapple and, bark, a tedious process spanning from a week up to months
• Traditional Filipino woven fabrics and textiles

  • Piña fabric
  • T'nalak woven cloth
  • Tingkep baskets
  • Hinabol
  • Yakan-weaved cloth
  • The Tapis of the Kalinga Tribe
• Piña fabric


  The oldest industry of Aklan, soft and delicate but durable and long-lasting, often used for our national costumes, the baro't saya and barong, can be blended with silk (piña silk) or abaca (piña jusi)
• T'nalak woven cloth


  Woven by the T'boli women of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato, Mindanao, the unique designs and patterns on the cloth are bestowed upon them through dreams, represents the tribe's culture and tradition
• Tingkep baskets


  Serve both practical and spiritual purposes in the Pala'wan community life, used as a storage container and to house the powerful female spirit Linamin et Kundu during a healing ritual, handcrafted by the women from fine bamboo strips and made in natural colors
• Hinabol


  Weaving is a happy activity for the Higaonon hinabol weavers of Bukidnon, the cloth reflects the moods and feelings of the weaver, woven as offering to the spirits and also given as a gift, as a dowry, and is used to bring peace during tribal conflicts
• Yakan-weaved cloth


  Made by the Yakan tribe from Basilan, features elaborate geometric designs and patterns inspired by nature, used for religious and ritual purposes, bartered for daily necessities, given as gifts, and used for peace offerings in times of conflict
• The Tapis of the Kalinga Tribe


  A rectangular cloth woman wear as a wraparound skirt, woven using a backstrap loom and embroidered with nature-inspired patterns, a sacred tradition passed on from mother to daughter
• Carving


  • Wood is the common material that is widely used in the country, other materials such as stone and metals such as silver and bronze are used in regions where there is an abundance of the mineral
• Performing Art


  • Folk dances and music developed by individuals or groups that reflect their traditions and culture
• Literature


  • Traditional oral literature of various ethnic groups, including stories and epics
• Graphic and Plastic Arts

  • Graphic arts are mainly two-dimensional (2D), like sketching, painting, photography, and calligraphy, plastic arts include sculpture or ceramics which have three dimensions (3D)
• Ornament


  Used to embellish parts of a building or object, the Ifugaos have carved Anito figures or Bulul which represent their ancestral spirit and granary gods, the Kapampangans are famous in their parol, an iconic symbol of the Filipino Christmas
• Pottery


  • Native Filipinos created pottery since 3500 years ago, these potteries serve as a secondary burial jars to hold the deceased, some were decorated with anthropomorphic designs
• Manunggul Jar


  A secondary burial jar found in Palawan, the upper portion is incised with curvilinear scroll designs and painted with natural iron or hematite, the lid has a boat with two human figures representing two souls on a voyage to the afterlife
• Maitum Anthropomorphic Potteries


  Earthenware pots resembling human figures found in Saranggani Province, dated to the Metal Age (5 BC – 225 AD), used for secondary burial, the head-shaped covers portray different kinds of expressions and have features like earrings, tattoos, teeth, arms, female breasts, and male genitalia
• Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) or National Living Treasures Awards


  • Institutionalized through R.A. No. 7355, awarded to citizens engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino whose skills have reached a high level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed on to the present generation, administered by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)
• Categories of traditional folk arts covered by the GAMABA award

  • Folk architecture
  • Maritime transport
  • Weaving
  • Carving
  • Performing arts
  • Literature
  • Graphic and plastic arts
  • Ornament
  • Textile or fiber art
  • Pottery
  • Other artistic expressions of traditional culture
• Honors and Privileges for GAMABA Awardees

  Receive a gold medallion, an initial grant of P100,000, a P10,000 monthly stipend for life, and an additional P14,000 monthly personal allowance approved by the NCCA board
• Criteria for recognizing a Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) candidate

  • He/she had created a significant body of works and/or has consistently displayed excellence in the practice of his/her art, thus achieving important contributions for its development
  • He/she has been instrumental in the revitalization of his/her community's artistic tradition
  • He/she has passed on to the other members of the community skills in the folk art for which the community is traditionally known
  • His/her community has recognized him/her as master and teacher of his/craft
• Honors and Privileges for GAMABA Awardees

  • Receive a specially designed gold medallion, an initial grant of P100,000 and a P10,000 monthly stipend for life, with the monetary grant potentially increased
  • Receive a maximum cumulative amount of P750,000 medical and hospitalization benefits annually similar to National Artists, and funeral assistance/tribute
  • Receive honorarium and other benefits when invited to private events
  • Required presence in events under the institutional programs and projects of the NCCA
• GAMABA Awardees


  • Ginaw Bilog (1993) - Poet, Hanunuo Mangyan
  • Masino Intaray (1993) - Musician and Storyteller, Pala'wan
  • Samaon Sulaiman (1993) - Musician, Maguindanao
  • Lang Dulay (1998) - Textile Weaver, T'boli
  • Salinta Monon (1998) - Textile Weaver, Tagabawa Bagobo
  • Alonzo Saclag (2000) - Musician and Dancer, Kalinga
  • Federico Caballero (2000) - Epic Chanter, Sulod-Bukidnon
  • Uwang Ahadas (2000) - Musician, Yakan
  • Darhata Sawabi (2004) - Textile Weaver, Tausug
  • Eduardo Mutuc (2004) - Metalsmith, Kapampangan
  • Haja Amina Appi (2004) - Mat Weaver, Sama
  • Teofilo Garcia (2012) - Casque Maker, Ilocano
  • Magdalena Gamayo (2012) - Textile Weaver, Ilocano