CPR

• 4 life-threatening emergencies in adults

  • Loss of blood, choking, breathing problems, and heart attack
• Most common life-threatening emergencies in children

  • Respiratory Distres
  • choking
  • head trauma
  • alergic reaction
• Ways to protect yourself from possible disease when caring for a victim in an emergency situation

  • Face mask or face shield
• Determining if a victim is conscious


  If they can speak, breath, or move
• If the adult goes unconscious during the Heimlich

  Perform CPR, 2 sets of 30 compressions with 2 breaths per set
• When to call 911 if you are alone with an adult victim

  After doing 5 sets of CPR, call 911 and then continue CPR after.
• If a person can speak to you is he/she:


  • Conscious Yes
  • Breathing? Yes
  • Choking No
• How to correctly open a victim's airway

  Pit one hand on the forehead and fingers on the other hand on the chin. Head tilt & chin lift
• Chest compressions and breaths for adult/child during CPR

  30 compressions, 2 breaths
• How to dislodge a blocked airway (conscious choking)

  Heimlich Maneuver (stomach thrusts)
• Of the 3 emergency steps (check, call, care)


  Care is the most important
• If you determine that an adult victim is not breathing

  1. Perform CPR/30 compressions

  2. Give 2 breaths (1 second each)

  3. Use an AED

  4. Rate of compressions is 100-120 per minute
• How to determine if an adult victim is choking

  They are unresponsive or if their face is to get red, or hand signals
• Why you place your shoulders over your hands while giving compressions in CPR

  So you can use your whole body weight to do the compressions
• How to determine if the victim is breathing

  By chest position if it is rising or falling or by hearing it
• How to know where to place your hands during adult CPR

  Place the heel of one hand on the lower % of the breastbone, just below the nipples
• How to tell if you are giving sufficient breaths while breathing into a victim


  If the chest doesn't rise, repeat the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver and then give a second breath
• Where to place your fist when performing the Heimlich on an adult/child

  Slightly above the belly button of the stomach
• When to use an AED on an adult

  When a person goes through cardiac arrest
• Difference in doing the Heimlich on a child vs adult

  You stand for an adult, you kneel for a child
• Where to place the electrodes when using an AED on an adult

  One pad on the right side of the chest, just below the collarbone. The other pad on the lower left side of the chest. Connect the pads to the AED
• When to call 911 if you are alone with a child

  After you've performed 5 sets of 30 compressions with 2 breaths each
• What to do if a possible choking victim is gasping and trying to breathe

  Give 5 abdominal thrusts
• How many compressions and breaths to give a child

  5 sets of 30+2 breaths per set
• When to send someone to call 911 for an adult

  When the person in danger is unresponsive and when you see the person that can do it
• What to do if CPR works, until help (EMS) arrives

  Stay with the person until help arrives
• Rate of compressions for adult & child during CPR

  100-120 compressions per minute
• Why the Heimlich makes the blocked airway become unblocked


  It pushes the air from your lungs, as well as the food or object stuck in there out of the mouthway/body
• Most common reason an adult would need CPR

  They are having a heart attack or in cardiac arrest
• Hand position for CPR on a child

  2 hands or 1 hand on the lower half of the breastbone
• If an infant becomes unconscious while he/she is choking

  1. Place infant face up on a flat surface and shout for help

  2. Tell them to call 911 and get an AED

  3. If no one comes to help, give 5 cycles of CPR, bring the child with you, phone 911 and get an AED
• Hand position for infant CPR

  2 fingers in the center of the chest just below the nipple line
• Where to "tap" while you shout, "Are you ok?" when checking an infant

  Tap the soles of the feet
• Mouth placement difference when giving breaths to an infant vs child/adult

  You cover the infant's nose and mouth with your mouth. For a child and an adult you just cover the mouth with your mouth
• To remove an object from a conscious infant who is choking

  1. Hold infant facedown on your forearm and perform 5 back slaps between shoulder blades

  2. If nothing comes out, turn the infant on their back supporting their head and give 5 chest thrusts with 2 fingers in the center of the chest right below the nipple line until the baby can breathe, cough, cry or becomes unresponsive