BACTE_STREPTOCOCCI QUIZ

• THE TWO MEMBERS OF STREPTOCOCCAEAE

  Members: Streptococci and Enterococci
• GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

  • Gram-positive cocci in chains
  • Facultative anaerobe
  • Catalase negative
  • Non-motile
  • Pyogenic
  • Gray to white non-chromogenic pinpoint colonies (exceptS. pneumoniae [medium to large colonies])
• WAYS OF CLASSIFYING STREPTOCOCCI

  • ACADEMIC/BERGY
  • SMITH AND BROWN
  • LANCEFIELD
• uses Sheep’s Blood Agar to observe if the RBC will be lysed and determine the hemolysis


  SMITH AND BROWN CLASSIFICATION
• an antigen-antibody reaction


  LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION
• Detects the C-carbohydrate component present in the cell wall of streptococci

  LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION
• Commonly isolated


  Group A, group B, and group D
• Commensals


  GROUP C, GROUP E, GROUP G.
• Commonly used to classify species of Streptococci

  SMITH AND BROWN CLASSIFICATION AND LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION
• Temperature as basis of identification

  ACADEMIC CLASSIFICATION
• only mesophilic; they have the shortest temperature range

  PYOGENIC
• usually normal flora or commensals in the upper respiratory tract and genitourinary tract

  VIRIDANS
• have the widest range of temperature

  ENTEROCOCCI
• MEMBERS UNDER PYOGENIC


  S. pyogenes

  S. agalactiae

  S. dysagalactiae
• MEMBERS UNDER VIRIDANS


  S. mutans

  S. salivarus

  S. mitis

  S. bovis

  S. anginosus
• MEMBERS UNDER ENTEROCOCCI


  E. faecalis

  E. gallinarum

  E. faecium

  E. durans
• MEMBER UNDER LACTIC


  S. lactis
• Hemolysis as basis of identification

  SMITH AND BROWN CLASSIFICATION
• ALPHA HEMOLYSIS CATEGORY


  Streptococcus pneumoniae

  Viridans
• BETA HEMOLYSIS CATEGORY


  S. agalactiae

  S. pyogenes

  S. equisimilis

  E. faecalis
• GAMMA HEMOLYSIS CATEGORY


  Viridans
• Serology as basis of identification

  LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION
• GROUP A


  S. pyogenes
• GROUP B


  S. Agalactiae
• GROUP C


  S. equisimilis

  S. dysagalactiae

  S. zooepidimicus
• WHEN PHRAYNGITIS DESSIMINATE IN THE BLOODSTREAM, WHAT DOES IT CAUSE?

  SCARLET FEVER
• when S. pyogenes deposits in the heart, it causes?

  rheumatic fever
• is a skin infection where the wound infection is characterized by pus in the outer layer of the skin

  Pyoderma
• occurs when the blood being filtered by the kidneys(glomerulus) has S. pyogenes, and it destroys the kidneys. This results in bloody urine


  ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
• normally lives in the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx)-a common cause of sore throat

  S. pyogenes
• Commonly isolated in genitourinary tract, generally infemales and rare in adult males

  S. AGALACTIAE
• Common in pregnant women

  S. AGALACTIAE
• when left untreated, the baby can acquire the bacteria that may lead to pneumonia within 7 days which may further lead to what

  neonatal sepsis.
• Common pregnancy tests: 


  -glucose test

  -TORCH(toxoplasmosis, others (Syphilis, Hepatitis B), rubella,Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex)
• SPECIMEN FOR ISOLATING S. AGALACTIAE

  CERVICAL SWAB
• Commensal and non-pathogenic to humans, but considered as animal pathogen

  E. EQUISIMILIS
• CAUSES IMPETIGO OR SKIN INFECTION

  E. EQUISIMILIS
• MOST COMMON CAUSE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION (UTI)

  E. FAECALIS
• COMMONLY INHABITANTS ON GENITOURINARY TRACT

  E. FAECALIS
• Commensals and normal flora of the nasopharynx and genitourinary tract

  S. BOVIS AND S. EQUINUS