Parts of A Cell

• Nucleus


  Is a spherical and relatively larde in terms of other cell structures. It is surrounded by a double membrane, called the nuclear envelope, which has pores in it to allow fairly large molecules in and out. The nucleus contains most of the genetic material of the cell. The nucleus controls the activities of the cell by controlling what proteins are made in the cell.
• Cytoplasm


  The contents of the cell between the nucleus and cell membrane are called the cytoplasm. Cytoplasm looks like a clear fluid with articles in it. Some of the granules visible in the cytoplasm may be food reserves or food vacuoles.
• Vacuoles


  Vacuoles are sacs surrounded by a single membrane. Vacuoles may be temporary structures such as food vacuoles, which contains substances brought into the cell from outside. Plant cells usually also contain a large central vacuoles.
• Cell (Plasma) Membrane


  All cells have a clearly defined shape or boundary. This is maintained by a flexible cell membrane which encloses the internal contents of the cell. Sometimes this membrane is called the plasma membrane.
• Cell Wall

  In plant cells the cell membrane still surrounds the internal cell contents but is often not visible because it is pressed up against the cell wall. The cell wall found in plant cells, consists of a network of cellulose micro fibers in a cement of pectin and other substances Ligin may be on of these. The cell wall protects and supports the cell.
• Mitochondria


  Are usually about 0.5 Um wide up to 7 um long. They are surrounded by a double membrane; the outer membrane is smooth, but the inner membrane is generally folded. On these folds, called cristate (single cristal, the chemical reaction of respiration occur, prododucing energy for the cell) The folding greatly increases the surface area over which the reactions can occur. Mitochondria also contains ribosomes, DNA and RNA.
• Chyloroplasts


  Green plastids found only in green plant cells, They are 4-6Um in diameter, surrounded by a double a membrane. Their internal area, the stroma, contains a complex systems of membranes or lamellae. Photosynthetic lammelle occurs in stacks called grana. The membranes of the thylakoids contain the chlorophyll pigments and enzymes needed for photosynthesis.
• Golgi Body

   Also know as the Golgi apparatus or Goligi Complex consists of stacks of flattened membrane sacs. It chemically modifies, stores and distributes substances made by the endoplasmic reticulum. These are received in transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum and repackaged for secretion either into or out of the cell.
• Ribosomes

  Tiny Sperical bodies made out of RNA and Protien amd are approximatley 20nm. They may be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or lie freely in the cytoplasm. Each ribosomes is made up of two sub-units, 1 large, 1 small. Ribosomes are made in the nucleus area of the nucleus. They are a site of protein synthesis.
• Lysosomes


  Small spherical membrane-bound organelles about 0.4Um in diameter. They are common in animal cells but very rare in plant cells. Lysosomes are very acidic and contains digestive enzymes. They fuse with vacuoles containing food or other substances that have been taken into the cell, or with old and damaged organelles within the cell and digests them or break them down.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum

  Is a system of membrane sacs and tubles that is connected to the nuclear envelop. It provides:

  1. An internal surface for many of the chemical reactions in the cell
  2. A seris of channels through which material can be circulated

  “Rough” endoplasmic reticulum has tiny grains (Ribosomes) attached. Proteins are made in ribosomes and transported from the ediplasmic reticulum to the Golgi Body and in transport vesicles.

  “Smooth” edoplasmic reticulum has no ribosomes attached. It is the site of lipid manufacture and also help to inactivate some drugs such as alcohol.
• Parts Of A Cell:

  A cell contains a nucleus, Cytoplasm, Vaacuoles, Cell Wall, Cell (Plasma) membrane, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts
• What is Endoplasmic Rectulem

  A system of membrane sacs and tubles connected to the nuclear envelope