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Cards (22)
Geographical influences
Country in
Southeast Asia
Bangkok
is the capital city
Area of
513,000
square kilometers
Borders
Myanmar
and
Laos
(NORTH)
Borders
Laos
and
Cambodia
(EAST)
Gulf of
Thailand
and
Malaysia
(SOUTH)
Andaman
Sea and
Myanmar
(WEST)
Six
different types of terrain
View source
Geographical influences
Mountains
and
Plains
of the North
Central
Plains
Northeastern
Plateaus
High Mountains
of the
West
Mountains
and Coastal Plains of the
East
Mountains,
Plateaus
,
Coastal
Plains and Islands of the South
View source
Geological influences
Wood was used
extensively
in early
Thai
architecture
Sandstone
was utilized in many
Sukhothai
buildings
Brick
replaced
sandstone
as a primary building material in the 12th century
Stucco
was used to cover the
brick
core
View source
Climatic influences
Tropical
climate influenced by seasonal
monsoon
winds
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Southwest Monsoon (May to October)
Rainy
season, especially in central,
northern
, and northeastern regions
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Northeast Monsoon
(November to February)
Cooler
and drier weather,
rainy
season in the south
View source
Climatic influences
Northern
Thailand tends to be
cooler
Coastal areas prone to
tropical
storms and
cyclones
View source
Construction materials
Structural materials:
cement
and steel
Ornamental materials:
ceramic tiles
and
sanitary wares
View source
Thai roofs
Multi-layered
,
colorful
enameled tiles
Ribbed roofs
decorated
richly
High slope helps keep indoor
air cooler
in summer and
water drifts
easily in rain
View source
Social influences
Influenced by
Buddhism
,
Hinduism
, Myanmar, Laos, China, and India
View source
Buddhist
influence
Prominent features:
pagodas
,
Buddha images
, symbolic elements
View source
Regional diversity
Architectural styles influenced by local traditions, materials, and climatic
conditions
View source
Notable temples -
Sukhothai
period
Wat
Mahathat
Wat Si Sawai
View source
Notable temples -
Ayutthaya
period
Wat Phra
Si Sanphet
Wat
Chaiwatthanaram
View source
Notable temples -
Rattanakosin
period
Wat Phra Kaew (Temple of the Emerald Buddha)
Wat
Pho
(Temple of the Reclining Buddha)
View source
Notable temples - Lanna period
Wat
Phra
That
Doi
Suthep
Wat
Chedi Luang
View source
Thai architectural style has been influenced primarily by
Indian
and
Khmer
architecture, although China and other countries have had an impact as well
View source
Most early Thai architecture was built of
wood
and has since
disappeared
, but many stone temples remain
View source
In the twelfth century, brick replaced
sandstone
as a primary building material, mortared with vegetable
glue
and sheathed in stone
View source
Religious influences
Buddhism
is the largest religion in Thailand, practiced by roughly
94
% of the population
Theravada
Buddhism is the predominant religion
View source
Religious influences
Temples
(wats) serve as focal points for
religious
activities and community
gatherings
Other religious minorities include
Islam
, Christianity, and
Hinduism
View source
Notable temples
Wat Phra Kaew (Temple of the
Emerald
Buddha)
Wat
Arun
(Temple of
Dawn
)
Wat
Pho
(Temple of the
Reclining Buddha
)
Wat Phra That Doi Suthep
Wat
Rong
Khun (White Temple)
Wat Benchamabophit (Marble Temple)
Wat
Saket
(Golden Mount)
Wat
Phra
Singh
Wat
Chedi Luang
View source
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