Network Technology

Subdecks (1)

Cards (73)

  • IP version 4 (IPv4)

    32-bit (4 bytes) addressing scheme
  • IP version 6 (IPv6)
    128-bit (16 bytes) addressing scheme
  • MAC (Media Access Control) address
    Unique physical address of all computers, assigned by the manufacturer of the network interface card
  • Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI)
    First 24 bits of the MAC address that is vendor-specific, identifies the company that manufactured or sold the device
  • Vendor-Assigned
    Remaining 24 bits of the MAC address that is incrementally and uniquely assigned by the specific vendor of the hardware, denotes the serial number of the individual device
  • IP address
    Address that is usually assigned by the network administrator or internet service provider in order to uniquely and universally identify each device on an IP network
  • Public IP address
    What computers use to find each other online and exchange information, assigned by the Internet Service Provider
  • Static public IP address
    Fixed IP address, used primarily for hosting web pages or services on the Internet
  • Dynamic public IP address

    Chosen from a pool of available addresses and changes each time one connects to the Internet
  • Private IP address
    What computers on a network use to communicate with the router, can change each time they are connected
  • Network ID/field
    Identifies the host that is located on the same physical network
  • Host ID (host address)

    Identifies the individual host (e.g., workstation, server, router, or other TCP/IP host) within a network
  • Class A address
    • Uses only the first octet (8 bits) of the 32-bit number to indicate the network address, entire second to the fourth octet is used for host addresses (24 bits)
    • Network range: 1.0.0.0 to 127.0.0.0
    • Maximum hosts per network: 16,777,214
  • Class B address
    • Uses two (2) of the four (4) octets (16 bits) to indicate the network address, two other octets (16 bits) specify the host addresses
    • Network range: 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
    • Maximum hosts per network: 65,534
  • Class C address
    • Uses the first three octets (24 bits) of the IP address to identify the network portion, remaining octet (8 bits) reserved for the host portion
    • Network range: 192.0.0.0 to 233.255.255.255
    • Maximum hosts per network: 254
  • Class D address
    • Created to enable multicasting using an IP address, a multicast address is a unique address that directs packets with that destination address to predefined groups of hosts
    • Network range: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
    • First four bits must be 1110
  • Class E address
    • Reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) for its own research
    • Network range: 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255
    • First four bits must be 1111
  • Subnet mask (default mask)
    Determines which portion of an IP address identifies the network and which portion identifies the host, represented by four octets with network bits as 1s and host bits as 0s
  • Default Gateway
    Address of the nearest routing device used by the host device to forward addressed packets onto the network
  • IANA IPv4 Special-Purpose Addresses
    • Diagnostic (Loopback/Localhost Address): 127.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255
    • Default Network: 0.0.0.0
    • Network Broadcast: 255.255.255.255
    • Private-use of Internet Space: 10.0.0.0 - 10.254.254.254, 172.16.0.0 - 172.16.254.254, 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.254.254
    • Link-Local Addresses: 169.254.0.0 - 169.254.254.254
  • Dotted-Binary to Dotted-Decimal Conversion
    1. Divide decimal number by 2 and note remainder, repeat until 0 quotient, write remainders in reverse order to get binary
    2. Convert binary to decimal using positional notation
  • Subnet Masking
    IP address must be "ANDed" with its default mask in binary to determine the network and host portions
  • Class D & E are used for Multicast and Research purposes
  • Least Significant Bit (LSB)

    The binary number is at the top
  • Most Significant Bit (MSB)

    The binary number is at the bottom
  • Binary values
    • 200
    • 133
    • 175
    • 33
  • Converting decimal to binary
    1. Div
    2. Qou
    3. Rem
  • Converting 200 to binary
    1. 200/2
    2. 100/2
    3. 50/2
    4. 25/2
    5. 12/2
    6. 6/2
    7. 3/2
    8. 1/2
  • Converting 133 to binary
    1. 133/2
    2. 66/2
    3. 33/2
    4. 16/2
    5. 8/2
    6. 4/2
    7. 2/2
    8. 1/2
  • Converting 175 to binary
    1. 175/2
    2. 87/2
    3. 43/2
    4. 21/2
    5. 10/2
    6. 5/2
    7. 2/2
    8. 1/2
  • Converting 33 to binary
    1. 33/2
    2. 16/2
    3. 8/2
    4. 4/2
    5. 2/2
    6. 1/2
  • Binary equivalent is 11001000.10000101.10101111.00100001
  • F = xy
    Boolean function
  • IT2203 04 Handout 1
  • Property of STI