Digestion

• Villi are covered in microvilli which increase the surface area for absorption
• The pyloric sphinter is a band of muscle that regulates the flow of food into the stomach
• the pharynx is the passageway for food and air from the mouth to the oesophagus
• The transverse colon is the longest colon and is located on the left side of the abdomen.
• the stomach contains 3 types of muscle: smooth, striated, and cardiac
• Coeliac Disease is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the villi in the small intestine in response to gluten.
• Constipation is a condition in which a person has uncomfortable or infrequent bowel movements.
• Diarrhoea is where a person experiences loose, water stool that can be accute, persistant or chronic.
• The mouth cavity is mechanical digestion by teeth.
• The liver produces bile which is stored in the gall bladder and released into the small intestine.
• The large intestine absorbs water, minerals and vitamins.
• The small intestine absorb nutrients.
• Bile produced by the liver helps emulsify fats so they are easier to digest.
• Pancreas produce pancreatic juice containing amylase, lipase and proteases.
• The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and enzymes to break down food.
• Amylase breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars.
• Amylase breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars.