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• Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points as they have a giant ionic lattice structure. the electrostatic forces of attraction between the positive and negative are very strong. Hence, a large amount of heat energy is required to overcome these strong forces of attraction
• Ionic compound conducts electricity in molten or aqueous state but not in the solid state. In molten and aqueous state, the ions can move freely to conduct electricity through the substance. In solid state, the ions are held in a fixed position by strong electrostatic forces of attraction, therefore cannot more easily.
• Most ionic compounds are soluble in water and insoluble in organic solvents
• Ions are charged particles that are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons. Cations are positively charged ions and anions are negatively charged ions
• Noble gases have a fully filled valence shell
• Ionic compounds are formed when metal atoms loses elections to non- metal atoms. The strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the positive and negative ions are called ionic bond
• Covalent bond is a bond formed when there is a sharing of electrons between 2 non- metal atoms. can be formed between atoms of the same and different element
• Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points as they have simple molecular structure. They are held together by weak force of attraction. Hence, only a little amount of heat energy is required to overcome the forces of attraction
• Covalent compounds are non- conductors of electricity as they are uncharged