Ucsp1

• State Institution


  The organized way in which power is allocated and decisions are made within society
• Government


  • The governing body of a nation, state, or community that exercises political authority over the actions, affairs, political unit, and people
• Barangay is the first form of government, Datu/Rajah are leaders in the pre-colonial era
• The First Republic

  Established on January 23, 1899
• The 3 Branches of Government

  • Legislative
  • Executive
  • Judicial
• Legislative Branch


  • Law-Making Body, Makes, alters, and reverses laws through the power bestowed in the Philippine Congress, Divided into Senate and House of Representatives
• Executive Branch


  • Law-Enforcing Body, Comprised of the President and Vice President chosen by direct popular vote, Fulfills a 6-year term, President appoints Cabinet
• Judicial Branch


  • Law-Interpreting Body, Maintains power to resolve disputes concerning legally demandable and enforceable rights, Decides on abuse of judgment amounting to lack or excess of authority
• Power


  The capacity to realize desired ends despite opposition from others, Governments demand compliance from the population
• Authority


  A power that people perceive as legitimate rather than conceive
• Traditional Authority


  • Respect for a long-standing cultural pattern is used to legitimize power
• Rational-Legal Authority


  • Legally created rules and regulations are used to legitimize power
• Charismatic Authority


  • Extraordinary personal skills that inspire devotion and obedience are used to legitimize power
• Economic Institution


  An enduring organization, practice or relationship created by individuals to handle and cope with basic economic dilemmas
• Reciprocity


  A transaction between two socially equal practices having the same status with regards to the value of goods or services
• Forms of Reciprocity

  • Generalized Reciprocity
  • Balanced Reciprocity
  • Negative Reciprocity
• Generalized Reciprocity


  A form of transaction that utilizes gestures that express personal relationships rather than economic transactions
• Balanced Reciprocity


  A form of transaction where the giver is expected to gain something in return although it does not have to be given instantly
• Negative Reciprocity


  A form of transaction where the individual involved tries to gain as much as conceivable while paying the least possible amount
• Redistribution


  The process by which products produced out from the community are sent to a place where they are stored, counted, and later distributed back to people
• Market Exchange


  The price of the transactions of deliverables and services are supposedly governed by the rules of supply and demand
• Article 1, Section 23 of the 1987 Constitution states that the "State shall encourage non-governmental, community-based, sectoral organizations that promote the welfare of the nation."
• BANKS


  A bank is a financial institution that receives deposits from the public and generates credit
• Commercial/Retail Banks


  • Manage withdrawals and deposits as well as supplying short-term loans to a person and small-scale businesses
  • Land Bank of the Philippines
• Investment Bank


  • A bank that purchases large holding a of newly issued shares and resells them to investors
  • BPI Capital Corporation
• Insurance and Companies


  • Offers insurance policies to the public either by selling them directly to a person or through an employer's benefit plan
  • MANULIFE FINANCIAL CORPORATION
• CORPORATION


  • A corporation is a legal unit that is distinct from its owners. Moreover, a corporation has the right to enter contracts, loan and borrow money, hire employees, own assets, and pay taxes
  • SM INVESTMENTS CORPORATION
• COOPERATIVES


  • Cooperatives are jointly owned enterprises engaging in the production or distribution of goods or services, Cooperatives are usually operated by farmers or consumers for their mutual benefit
  • ACDI Multipurpose Cooperative
• TRADE UNIONS


  • Trade unions or also known as labor Unions are consist of a workforce who have come together to attain mutual goals like protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards achieving and benefits like health care and retirements
  • Sentro ng mga Nagkakaisa at Progresibong Manggagawa
• TRANSITIONAL ADVOCACY GROUPS


  • Organizations that are devoted to manipulating political, economic, social ad Institutional decisions across country borders
  • Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates
• DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES


  • These are independent organization whose goals are to help develop and support economic growth especially marginal portion of the society. So, they may have opportunities for income and decent employment
  • Department of Social Welfare and Development
• INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS


  • Include both governmental and non- governmental organizations
  • Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
• INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS


  • transcend borders in pursuit of a common cause
  • International Red Cross and other humanitarian teams deployed in areas hit by natural and man-made disasters
• INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS


  • refer to a grouping established by states and are based on treatise, have formal structures, and meet at regular intervals
  • Peace-keeping forces sent by the United Nation is to warring states