2

• Modern Art


  Modernism and modern art started in the Industrial Revolution, defied the norms of traditional society, was popular in Western Europe and North America, and eventually spread to the whole world
• Modern Art era lasted for more than a century

  1860's - late 1970's
• Modern Art


  • Art at this time was described as innovative, non-traditional, and very modern
• Famous Modern Artists


  • Edouard Manet - Father of Modern Art, believed to be the first modern artist
• Fauvism


  A joyful style of painting known for its use of bold colors, developed in France at the beginning of the 20th Century by Henri Matisse and Andre Derain
• Surrealism


  An art movement inspired by scientific research, Freudian psychology and dream interpretation, portraying reality and intensity of the subconscious mind
• Cubism


  The most influential art style of the 20th century, Cubists try to show all sides of an object, reducing recognizable images to geometric forms, shows objects from several positions at one time, and often makes opaque forms transparent

  
• Dadaism


  Attacked the established values in art, declared absurdity in all its convention and destroyed the notion of art as well
• Contemporary Art


  Art made by the artists of today, heavily driven by ideas and theories, not restricted to individual experience but reflective of the world we live in, expanded to more experimental ventures with new formats such as film, photography, video performance, installations, etc.
• Contemporary Art Era started

  1970's onwards
• The shift from the Modern Era to the Contemporary Art Era is because of two reasons: the emergence of "postmodernism" and the decline of the clearer identified artistic movement
• Abstract Expressionism


  Took the concepts of abstraction and combined it with gesture techniques, mark-making, and spontaneity in visual articulation, emphasized the power of colors
• Op/Optical Art


  Relied on creating an illusion to inform the experience of the artwork, making it seem like the subject is protruding out of the background to create movement
• Kinetic Art


  Presence of actual movement in artworks
• Gutai


  Japanese origin, multiplatforms like performance, theatrical events, installations, and even painting, the goal was to explore the materiality of the implements used in performance and hold a deeper desire to make sense of the relationship between the body, the movements, and the spirit of their interaction during the process of creation
• Minimalism


  Extreme type of abstraction that favored geometric shapes, color fields, and the use of objects and materials that had an industrial feel, emphasizes the materiality of the work
• Pop Art


  Draws inspiration from pop media, such as commercial culture, the aim was to elevate popular culture as something at par with fine art
• Postmodernism


  The most prominent movement that solidified the Contemporary Art Era, the formalization of the old techniques and views of modernism and claiming for better arts for the 20th century, shifting of belief systems, included conceptual art, neo-expressionism, feminist art, etc.
• Neo-Pop Art


  In the 1980s, there was a renewed interest in pop art specially to Andy Warhol's works and his contemporaries, what made it different from pop art was that it appropriated some of the first ideas of Dada in which ready-made materials were used for the artwork
• Photorealism


  A painstaking attention to detail is aimed, without asserting an artist's personal style, the drawings and paintings are so immaculate in their precision that it starts to look like a photo without a direct reference to the artist who created it

  
• Conceptualism


  The idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work, all of the planning and decisions are made beforehand and execution is a perfunctory affair
• Performance Art


  May be planned or spontaneous and done live or recorded, not about the medium or the format but how a specific context is made in which through engagement or interaction, questions, concerns, and conditions will be fleshed out
• Installation Art


  A kind of an immersive work where the environment or the space in which the viewer steps into or interacts with is transformed or altered, usually large-scale and makes use of a host of objects, materials, conditions and even light and aural components
• Earth Art


  Different from environmental art in a sense that does not focus on the subject (environmental issue or concerns) but rather on landscapes manipulation and the materials used, taken directly from the ground or vegetation (rocks or twigs)
• Street Art


  Related to graffiti art as it is a by-product of the rise of graffiti in the 1980s, these works are most commonly found in the public sphere and various people who have access to them have formed the impression and perception of the artworks themselves, examples include murals, stenciled images, stickers, and installation or installative/sculptural objects usually out of common objects and techniques