europe geo exam 4

• family friendly policies: encourage higher birth rates; ex: extended maternity/paternity leave for parents of newborn
• schengen agreement: reduce border formalities to facilitate freer movement of europeans between countries for work, study, tourism
• medieval landscape: narrow, winding streets, 3-4 story structures, little open space
• renaissance-baroque period: certain urban planning designs, ag. styles (wider, ceremonial boulevards, large structures; palaces, public squares, churches)
• indo-european language: worlds largest language family coming from one ancestral language
• constitutional monarchies: royal serves as symbol of state while democratically elected officials run countries (UK, Spain, Norway)
• irredentism: state policy to reclaim lost territory and ppl
• cold war: ideological struggle; US and soviet union
• iron curtain: w border of soviet power in europe (berlin wall)
• NATO (north atlantic treaty org.): n atlantic and european allies came together to counter soviet threat to w europe
• warsaw pact: military alliance of 8 soviet controlled e europe states to counter nato pact
• balkanization: breaking up of large political units into smaller ones
• devolution: control given to certain powers from central gov. authorities to lower political units, like regions/cities
• industrial revolution: tech change when european factories switched from animate power (human/animal) to inanimate power (water/coal) to power machines
• (EMU) economic and monetary union: facilitates economic matters among member states including usage of a common currency
• eurozone: monetary policy/currency of EU
• what stage of demographic transition is europe in: stage 5
• schengen agreement: agreement between most EU members and neighbors to reduce border formalities to allow freer movement of europeans between countries for work, study, tourism
• not a characteristic of cities built during renaissance-baroque period: narrow winding streets and tightly clustered buildings (these are medieval cities)
• 3 largest indo-european language branches measures by numbers of speakers: germanic, romance, slavic
• christianitys 3 largest branches: roman catholicism, protestantism, eastern orthodoxy
• fastest growing religion in europe: islam (immigration and higher birth rates)
• irredentism: policy reclaiming lost lands or those inhabited by people of same ethnicity in another country
• name of currency introduced to replace national currencies: the euro
• name of financial institution that governs monetary policy for this new currency: the european central bank
• term used to refer to member countries using this new currency: the economic and monetary union (EMU)
• does europe have high or low rates of natural growth: low
• consequences of shrinking national pop.: labor shortages, smaller internal markets, reduced tax revenues to support social services
• how does europe promote growth: ban abortion, certain contraceptive sales, families having/have children get rewards
• what will pop. growth solely depend on: migration
• is europe urban or rural: highly urbanized
• gentrification: changes to historic districts to cater to tourism
• what dramatically altered landscape: industrialization
• post WW2 changes: european cities rebuilt/adapted to political/economic demands
• what did european colonization bring: changes in language, religion, political system, economy/social values
• what was christianity split into in 16th century: catholicism and protestantism
• europe has a long history of what: religious wars/tension
• agricultural production: olives, grapes, heat/drought resistance crops
• what immigration is common: immigration clustering
• sports: soccer, basketball, rugby, tennis