volleyball

• Volleyball


  A team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.
• William G. Morgan created the game of volleyball (at that time called mintonette)


  1895
• How volleyball was created

  1. Blended elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball

  2. Borrowed the net from tennis and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor

  3. Someone remarked that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps "volleyball" would be a more descriptive name for the sport
• The first game of "volleyball" was played at Springfield College


  1896, July 7th
• Special ball was designed for the sport

  1900
• YMCA spread volleyball to Canada, the Orient, and the Southern Hemisphere in 1900
• The Serve


  • Server must serve from behind the end line until after contact
  • Ball may be served underhand or overhand
  • Ball must be clearly visible to opponents before each serve
  • Served ball may graze the net and drop to the other side for a point
  • First game serve is determined by a volley; each subsequent game shall be served by the previous game loser
  • Serve must be returned by a bump only. No setting or attacking a serve is allowed
• Scoring


  • Rally scoring will be used
  • There will be a point scored on every score of the ball
  • Offense will score on a defense miss or out of bounds hit
  • Defense will score on an offensive miss, out of bounds hit, or serve into the net
  • Game will be played up to 25 pts
  • A team must win by 2 points
• Rotation


  • The team will rotate each time they win the serve
  • Players shall rotate in a clockwise manner
  • There shall be 4-6 players on each side
• Playing the Game


  • Maximum of three hits per side is allowed
  • Player may not hit the ball twice in succession (a block is not considered a hit)
  • A ball may be played off the net during a volley and on serve
  • A ball touching a boundary line is good
  • A legal hit is contact made with the ball by a player body, above and including the waist, which does not allow the ball to visibly come to a rest
  • If two or more players contact the ball simultaneously, it is considered one play and the players involved may not participate in the next play
  • A player must not block or attack a serve
  • Switching positions will be allowed only between front line players (after the serve only)
• Basic Rule Violations


  • Stepping on or over the line on a serve
  • Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully
  • Hitting the ball illegally (carrying, palming, throwing, etc,)
  • Touches of the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play
  • Reaching over the net, except under certain conditions
  • Reaches under the net (if it interferes with the ball or opposing player)
  • Failure to serve in the correct order
  • Blocks or spikes from a position which is clearly not behind the 10-foot line while in a back-row position
• The Court


  • Both indoor and outdoor courts are 18 m x 9 m
  • Indoor courts also include an attack area designated by a line 3 m back from the center line
• Net Height


  • Net height for men, and co-ed mixed 6 is 2.43 meters
  • Net height for women is 2.24 m
• Basic Skills in Volleyball

  • Serving
  • Passing
  • Setting
  • Hitting
  • Blocking
• Serving


  • A properly executed serve provides the serving team with a significant advantage over the receiving team
  • There are three serving styles: underhand serve, overhand serve, and jump serve
• Passing


  • Passing is also known as "bumping" in an offensive sequence and "digging" when used to defend an offensive shot
  • Passing is executed by interlocking your fingers, holding your arms straight and away your body, and making contact with the ball on your forearms
• Setting


  • Setting, or overhead passing, typically is the second shot in a three-shot sequence
  • A properly executed set is placed close and above the net, about four feet from the net
• Hitting


  • When the ball is struck forcefully downward, above the height of the net, it is referred to as a "spike" or "kill" shot
  • To execute a kill shot, a player may use either a two- or three-step approach, striking the ball at the top of their vertical leap, using the heel of their palm, followed by wrapping their hand on the ball with their fingers and snapping their wrist
• Blocking


  • Blocking is a defensive play made close to the net
  • The object of a block is to deflect an offensive shot directly back toward the opponent
  • Blocking is not allowed on serves
• Volleyball Equipment


  • Net
  • Ball
  • Other Equipment
• Net


  • The net is one meter long and 9.5 to 10 meter wide, tied vertically above the center line of the court to posts fixed at either side of the court, at a distance of one meter from the sidelines
  • The center of the net should lie 2.43 meter above the ground for men and 2.24 meter for women
  • The court width is marked on the net with a tape and a flexible antenna of one meter extends from the tape marker on both sides of the net
• Ball


  • Volleyball is a spherical ball of 65-67 cm circumference, made of leather or any synthetic material and weighing 260-280 g
  • Volleyballs are available in various colors, however for international tournaments, FIVB approved balls should only be used
• Volleyball Positions and their Roles

  • Outside Hitter
  • Opposite Hitter
  • Setter
  • Middle Blocker/Hitter
  • Libero
  • Defensive Specialist
• Outside Hitter


  Also known as the left-side hitter, attacks from the left antenna and requires a player with good jumping ability
• Opposite Hitter


  Also known as the right-side hitter, plays near the right antenna and tends to be a player who has the most versatility and can excel on both offense and defense
• Setter


  Runs the team's offense, aims to receive the second touch and set it for an attacking player, needs strong communication skills to direct the offense and make quick decisions
• Middle Blocker/Hitter


  The team's tallest athlete tends to play here, their additional height can help them excel in this role
• Libero


  Focuses on defense, only plays in the back row and often receives the attack or serve, needs good passing and defensive skills
• Defensive Specialist


  Comes in to replace a player who may not have the right skills for the back row, must make a substitution with the referees