[17] Respiratory

• Leading cause of respiratory disease

  • pneumonia
  • bronchitis
• Pneumonia

  • infection that affects the lungs and cause the alveoli to fill up with fluid or pus
• Pneumonia cause

  • Bacteria: streptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Viruses: SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
  • Fungi: Candida; Aspergillus species
• Pneumonia Types

  • Community- acquired (outside hospital)
  • Hospital - acquired (more than 48 hrs after admission to hospital)
  • Healthcare-associated (during or following a stay in a healthcare setting)
  • Ventilator-associated (after put on ventilator)
• types can help determine what is probable etiologic agent and eventually guide how we can treat
• Pneumonia Symptoms

  • Cough
  • Fever, sweating, and shaking chills
  • Shortness of breath, rapid, shallow breathing
  • Sharp or stabbing chest pain
  • Loss of appetite, low energy, and fatigue
• Bronchitis

  • develops when bronchial tubes become inflamed and cause coughing, often with mucus production
• Types of Bronchitis

  • Short Term/Acute
  • Long Term/Chronic
• Short Term or acute bronchitis

  • occasionally caused by bacterial infections and can be viral infections
  • viral: cold, influenza, RSV, COVID-19
• Long Term of Chronic bronchitis

  • lasting for at least 3 months and returning at least 2 years in a row
• Bronchitis Symptoms

  • Cough with mucus
  • Chest pain
  • Tiredness
  • Low Fever
  • Shortness of breath and wheezing
• Bronchitis Treatment

  • over-the-counter medication
  • Mitigation of risk factors
• Bronchitis Management

  • Cognition
  • Voice and Swallowing
  • Prevention of Aspiration Pneumonia (community type)