PLANT AND ANIMAL KINGDOM

• Eukaryotes

  • unicelled or multi-celled
  • contains nucleus
  • membrane-bound organelles
  • larger
• Prokaryotes

  • one-celled organisms
  • do not have nucleus
  • filled with cytoplasm
  • smaller
• Autotrophs

  • organisms that can produce their own food using ligt, water, carbon dioxide, etc.
  • also called as PRODUCERS
• Heterotrophs

  • organisms that eat other plants or animals for energy and nutrients
  • also called as CONSUMERS
• PLANT KINGDOM

  • Bryophytes
  • Tracheophytes
  • Pteridophytes
  • Gymnosperms
  • Angiosperms
• Bryophytes

  • non-vascular plants
  • absorbs substances through all parts of their bodies
  • grows mostly in moist, wet, and dark places
• Tracheophytes

  • vascular plants
  • have vessels that transport water and food throughout the plant
• 2 TYPES OF VASCULAR VESSELS

  • Phloem - outer layer for transporting food from the leaves
  • Xylem - transport water from the root
• Pteridophytes

  • seedless vascular plants
  • they reproduce through spores
  • commonly at higher elevations or moist, shaded, mountainous areas
• Gymnosperms

  • greek, means "naked seed"
• Gymnosperms

  • greek, means "naked seeds"
  • develop their seeds on the surface of scales and leaves, which often grow to form cones or stalks
• Angiosperms

  • "flowering" plants
  • produce seeds encased in "fruits"
• CLASSIFICATIONS OF ANGIOSPERMS BASED ON LIFESPAN

  • Annuals - one year/seasonal
  • Biennials - develop roots, stems, and leaves in the 1st year, seeds in the 2nd year, and then die.
  • Perennials - lives for many years.
  • Monocots - or monocotyledon; having only one cotyledon
  • Dicots - or dicotyledon; having two cotyledons
• ANIMAL KINGDOM

  I. Invertebrates

  • Sponges
  • Cnidarians
  • Flatworms
  • Roundworms
  • Segmented worms
  • Mollusks
  • Echinoderms
  • Arthropods
  • Chordates
• ANIMAL KINGDOM

  II. Vertebrates

  • Fishes
  • Amphibians
  • Reptiles
  • Birds
  • Mammals
• Vertebrates - animals with backbones
• Invertebrates - animals without backbones
• Sponges (phylum: Porifera)

  • simplest animals with sack-like bodies with pores
  • marine animals
  • filter-feeders
  • can reproduce both sexually and asexually
• Cnidarians (phylum: Cnidaria)

  • having stinging cells (nematocysts) on the surface of their body parts, such as tentacles
• Flatworms (phylum: Platyhelminthes)

  • flat-bodied organisms with single opening serving both as mouth and anus
• Roundworms (phylum: Nematoda)

  • smooth covering/wall
  • have body cavity and complete digestive tract
  • can be aquatic and terrestrial
• Segmented worms

  • also known as "annelids"
  • characterized by segmented, or repeated body parts
• Mollusks (phylum: Mollusca)

  • soft bodied with most having a shell covering

  = Gastropods

  = Bivalves

  = Cephalopods
• Echinoderms (phylum: Echinodermatta)

  • spiny skinned
  • internal skeleton (endo)
  • water vascular system
  • radially symmetrical

  Examples:

  • starfish
  • sea urchin
• Chordates (phylum: Chordata)

  • having notochord
• Fishes

  • cold-blooded
  • have scales for protection, fins for movement, gills for gas exchange
• Amphibians

  • both land and water
  • have ears and voice-producing larynx
  • have moist skin adopted for respiration or gas exchange
• Reptiles

  • both land and water
  • have scales or hard shells
  • lays eggs with shells
• Birds

  • lightweight due to hallow bones
  • warm-blooded
  • have either talons or palmate for their feet
  • have either bills or beaks
• Mammals

  • having mammary glands that produces food (milk) for their offspring
  • warm-blooded
  • covered with hair or fur
• DIFFERENT GROUPS OF MAMMALS:
• DIFFERENT GROUPS OF MAMMALS:

  • Monotremes - lays soft-shelled eggs
  • Marsupials - have pouches
  • Placentals - give birth to well-developed offspring