UCSP

• Three Faces of The Social

  • Anthropology
  • Sociology
  • Political science
• Anthropology


  Study of humanity, including pre historic and contemporary diversity
• Anthropology


  • Uncover principles of behaviour that apply to all human communities, equal but different ways
• Four Major Fields of Anthropology

  • Cultural Anthropology
  • Linguistic Anthropology
  • Archaeology
  • Biological Anthropology/Physical Anthropology
• Cultural Anthropology


  Study of living people and their cultures including variation and change
• Linguistic Anthropology


  Study of communication
• Archaeology


  Study of past human cultures through material remain
• Biological Anthropology/Physical Anthropology


  Study of human as biological organism, evolution and contemporary variation
• Sociology


  Latin socius: associate, logos "study of knowledge". Studies human civilization, groups and societies, social connections
• Auguste Comte


  Father of Sociology
• Branches of SOCIOLOGY

  • Social Organization
  • Social Psychology
  • Applied Sociology
  • Population Studies
  • Human Ecology
  • Sociological Theory and Research
  • Social Change
• Social Organization


  Study of social institutions, inequality, mobility, religious groups and bureaucracy
• Social Psychology


  Study of human nature and social processes as they affect individual or responses "social stimuli"
• Applied Sociology


  Specific intent of yielding practical applications
• Population Studies


  Include size, growth, demographic characteristics, composition, migration, changes, political and social systems
• Human Ecology


  Study of effects of various social org to populations behaviour
• Sociological Theory and Research


  Discovery of theoretical tools to explain sociological issue
• Social Change


  Factors that cause social organization and social disorganization
• Political Science


  Study of government and political processes
• Government


  Agency which will of state is formulated, expressed and carried out
• ANTROPHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

  • Unilineal Evolutionism
  • Cultural Diffusionism
  • Historical Particularism
  • Anthropological Functionalism
  • Anthropological Structuralism
  • Cultural Materialism
• Unilineal Evolutionism


  New cultural forms emerge from the past
• Cultural Diffusionism


  Culture originates from one or more culture
• Historical Particularism


  Own unique culture
• Anthropological Functionalism


  Cultural elements and practices are interrelated and interdependent. -they have purpose
• Anthropological Structuralism


  Cultural phenomena have relationship to one another which human organize and structure their experience
• Cultural Materialism


  Influence by technology, resources, economic values
• SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES


  • Sociological Functionalism
  • Sociological Conflict Perspective
  • Symbolic Interactionism
  • Evolutionism
• Sociological Functionalism


  Groups operating orderly
• Emile Durkheim


  Society is composed of harmonious element that needs to function effectively
• Sociological Conflict Perspective


  Sees the environment in continuous struggle
• Karl Marx


  Society developed through conflict (German Philosopher and Economist)
• Symbolic Interactionism


  Patterns of behaviour
• George Herbert Mead


  Society exist because we observe communication (American Philosopher, Sociologist)
• Evolutionism


  How human groups come to exist, grow, and develop
• Development In SOCIETIES


  • Hunting and Gathering Societies
  • Horticultural and Political Societies
  • Agricultural Societies
  • INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
  • Post Industrial Societies (information age)
• Hunting and Gathering Societies


  • Lumilipat once na naubos na yung resources na need nila
  • Nomadic societies: did not have permanent settlements. "nomads"
  • Ties of Kinship: blood relationship, magkakamag anak
  • Work was divided between man and women
  • Spears and axes made from bone, wood and stone
  • Did not develop political mechanisim
• Horticultural and Pastoral Societies

  • Small scale farming
  • Pastoral: animal domestication
  • Permanent settlement
  • Women status declined
  • Council of elders: per village may leader
• Agricultural Societies


  • Developed 5000 years ago
  • Wheel, written language and numbers
  • Calendar, surplus of food and scarcity
  • Watershed development
  • Lumalawak ang agriculture pero naagrabyado ang mga farmers
  • Gender inequality pronounced
• INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY


  • Development of machines 1700s
  • Steam and water (1st machine)
  • Electricity
  • Improves peoples health and expanded their life spans
  • Rise and growth of large cities; poverty