Excercise

• Exercise


  Causes the body to carry out more cellular respiration
• Cellular respiration during exercise

  1. Muscles require more energy

  2. Muscles require more oxygen

  3. Breathing rate and volume increase

  4. Heart rate increases
• Insufficient oxygen during intense exercise

  Cells use anaerobic respiration
• Anaerobic respiration


  Less efficient than aerobic respiration, produces lactic acid
• Lactic acid buildup during exercise

  Causes a burning sensation in muscles
• Removing lactic acid after exercise

  1. Lactic acid carried to liver

  2. Reacted with oxygen

  3. Converted back to glucose
• Oxygen debt


  Extra oxygen needed to remove lactic acid after exercise
• Measuring effects of exercise

  1. Measure breathing rate

  2. Measure heart rate
• Breathing rate is measured by counting chest rises and falls per minute
• Heart rate is measured by feeling the pulse in the wrist or neck
• Humans need energy for movement, to keep warm and for chemical reactions to build larger molecules
• All the energy we need is provided by respiration
• During exercise the human body reacts to the increased demand for energy.
• Respiration

  The process that provides energy for the body
• Types of respiration

  • Aerobic
  • Anaerobic
• During exercise


  The body needs a great deal of energy for muscle contraction
• Aerobic respiration increases during exercise

  1. Breathing rate increases

  2. Breathing volume increases

  3. Heart rate increases

  4. More oxygen supplied to the bloodstream
• If not enough oxygen is supplied during exercise


  Anaerobic respiration takes place in the muscles
• Anaerobic respiration

  Oxidation of glucose is incomplete, leading to a buildup of lactic acid
• During long periods of vigorous activity

  Lactic acid causes the muscles to become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently
• Oxygen debt


  The amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to deal with the accumulated lactic acid
• Removing lactic acid from the body

  1. Lactic acid is transported out of the muscles by the blood

  2. Lactic acid is taken to the liver and converted back to glucose
• Reacting with the accumulated lactic acid and removing it from the cells requires oxygen
• If insufficient oxygen is supplied anaerobic respiration takes place in muscles. The incomplete oxidation of glucose causes a build up of lactic acid and creates an oxygen debt. During long periods of vigorous activity muscles become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently.