WW11

Cards (55)

  • Nationalism- the shared
    belief of loyalty to the ethnicity
    and culture of a nation-state.
  • France vs. Germany- France
    was defeated after the
    Franco-Prussian War.
  • The annexed territory
    between Alsace-Lorraine was
    also a concern.
  • Italian unification (1871)
    heightened the nationalistic
    spirit of the Italians
  • Nation-states wanted
    freedom- Slavs, Irish from the
    British, Poles against the
    Russian empire.
  • socialist labor
    movement caused
    violence due to
    unfair labor
    practices.
  • Triple Alliance (Germany,
    Austria-Hungary, Italy)
  • Otto Von Bismarck organized
    League of Three Emperors
    (Germany, Austria-Hungary,
    Russia)
  • DUAL ALLIANCE – main goal: to
    minimize Russian influence over the
    Balkans
  • Triple Entente- France, Great Britain,
    Russia
  • Triple Alliance (1882)- Italy joined the
    group.
  • Balkan Peninsula- ‘the powder keg of
    Europe,’a region in Southeastern Europe
    led by Greeks, Romanians, Turks, and
    Serbs
  • Treaty of Berlin- Austria-Hungary
    succeeded Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Militarization- nations
    strengthen large armies (1870-1914)
    caused from the growing tension.
  • British & German engaged into the
    naval race.
  • Russia employed 1.3 million men
    ► France (1913) employed 900,000 soldiers
  • Conscription- the popular method of
    drafting soldiers that became the norm in
    Europe.
  • Archduke Franz Ferdinand- the heir to the
    throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
  • Serb Gavrilo Princip- a 19-year old shot the
    Archduke and his wife when they visited the
    patients at the hospital who were wounded
    from the failed assassination.
  • Black Hand- terrorist organization plotted
    the assassination of the Archduke but failed.
  • ► 1. Nationalism
    ► 2. Ideologies
    ► 3. Militarization
    ► 4. Alliances
    ► 5. Conflicts in Balkan Peninsula
    ► Major cause-the Assassination of Archduke
    Franz Ferdinand
  • Franz Joseph I (emperor of
    Austria-Hungary)- asked support from
    Germany. Germany replied with open
    arms ‘blank check’.
  • July 23- Austria-Hungary asked a list of
    demands from Serbia.
  • July 28, 1914- Austria-Hungary declared war
    on Serbia.
  • Russia- Czar Nicholas II supported
    Serbia and mobilized its armies.
  • Germany- declared war against Russia
    through Schlieffen Plan (August 1).
  • British declared war on Germany
    because of the violation of the Belgian
    neutrality. (August 4)
  • Schlieffen Plan- sending of 75% of
    German armies to France.
  • War took place at the
    Western Front.
  • September 6-9, 1914-
    French and British
    defeated Germany in the
    Battle of Marne and ended
    the Schlieffen Plan.
  • Trench Warfare was a
    common military tactic in
    World War I
  • More fluid and involved over a
    thousand miles of land.
  • Russians and Germans fought a
    seesaw battle.
  • March Revolution- 10,000 working class
    women marched at Petrograd (St.
    Petersburg)
  • March 12- Russian Duma (legislative body,
    mostly composed of the wealthy) demanded
    Czar Nicholas II to step down.
  • March 15- Czar stepped down and ended the
    300-year old Romanov Dynasty.
  • Soviets- the representative of the working class after
    the Tsarist government,
  • Bolsheviks- led by Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov
    (Lenin) introduced Marxism to Russia.
  • Marxism- a communism grounded on the
    teachings of Karl Marx.
  • 1915- Lenin and the Bolsheviks overthrew the
    provisional government.