Population Vocabulary

• Population density


  Population per unit area.
• Population distribution


  The pattern of where people are most living at.
• Sparsely


  Distributed in small amounts.
• Densely


  Distributed in big amounts.
• Carrying capacity


  Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support.
• Population explosion


  A sudden, large increase in size of a population.
• Demographers


  People who study human populations
• Demographic momentum


  The number of people added each year remains very high. This is because there are so many women in the child-bearing age range.
• Demographic


  Relating to the structure of populations (mortality rates, which influences fertility rates)
• Social/cultural


  Common traditions, habits, patterns, and beliefs that present in a population group.
• Remittance (Economics)


  The funds migrants send to their relatives.
• Political


  Governments can influence fertility rates, such as pronatal.
• Pronatal


  Policies which are designed with the purpose of increasing the birth rate/fertility rate of an area.
• Overpopulation


  When a country/region does not have enough resources to keep its people at a reasonable standard of living.
• Underpopulation


  When a country or region has more resources available than are being used by the people living there.
• Optimum population


  A concept where the human population is able to balance maintaining a maximum population size with optimal standards.
• Natural population change


  the difference in number between those who are born and those who die in a year. Additional effects of migration are not included.

  
  

  birth rate - death rate
• Overall population change


  The change in the size of a population due to birth rates, death rates and net migration rates.

  
  

  birth rate - death rate ± net migration
• Birth rate


  The number of births per 1,000 of the population per year.
• Death rate


  The number of deaths per 1,000 of the population per year.
• Dependancy ratio


  A relationship between the number of people of working age (15-64) and the young dependency (0-14) and the old dependents (65+) who depend on them for benefits, pensions.
• Net migration


  The difference between the number of immigrants and the number of emigrants per 1,000 years.
• High youth dependency


  Large numbers of 0-14 years compared to those of working age (15-64).
• Old-age dependency ratio


  The ratio of the number of elderly people (+64 years) to those of working age (15-64 years).
• Mega city


  Large city with a population of over 10 million people.
• Forced migration


  Refers to the movements of refugees and IDPs as well as people displaced by natural or environmental disasters, famine, or development projects.
• Voluntary migration


  Migration based on one's free will and initiative.
• Internal Migrants


  A person who moves to live/work in a different place within the same country.
• Migration


  The movement of people from one place to another.
• Emigrant


  People who permanently leave one country to live in another.
• Pull factors


  These are features of their new destination that makes them want to move there.
• Immigrants


  Migrants that move into a country.
• Internal displaced people (IDP)

  People who are forced to leave their homes but who are not refugees because they stay within their country's borders.
• Transmigration


  The relocation of a large number of people as a result of a government plan.
• Push factors


  These are features of their home area that make them want to move away.
• Rural to urban migration


  Movement of people from the countryside to the city.
• Refugee


  A person who leaves their country of origin in fear of their lives.
• Intervening obstacles.


  Factors that cause migrants challenges or prevent them from reaching their goal.
• Counter-urbanisation


  Movement of people from the city to rural environments.
• Economic migrant


  A person who moved to live and work in a different country for at least a year.