SS MTA

• A monarch is a person who reigns over a kingdom/empire.
• The Renaissance Period served as a transition between the medieval and the early modern period. Renaissance is coined by Giorgo Vasari that means rebirth
• The capital city-state in Italy where the Renaissance period began is Florence.
• Magna Carta of 1215 is the contract in which King John was forced to sign. It has four provisions; taxation only with representation, right to trial, limits to power, and equality among nobility
• The Hundred Years War (1337–1453) was fought between England and France. The war started because of disputes on the French throne.
• Francesco Petrarch is also known as the "Father of Humanism" because he translated into Latin the writings of he Greek and Roman historians.
• Francesco Petrarch wrote Sonnets to Laura.
• England was known as Angleland meaning land of the angles
• King Alfred the Great is an English monarch that divided the territories into counties or shires headed by a shire-reeve, later known as sherrifs.
• Domesday Book is a survey ordered by William the Conqueror to assess the wealth of his new kingdom.
• King Alfred hired writers for the Anglo-saxon chronicles.
• Henry II contributed to the development of a unified justice system known as the Common Law applicable in the entire English territory.
• Jury comes from the French word "jure" which means "sworn on oath"
• The canterbury Archibishop that opposed Henry II's new policy and was declared a saint after being killed.

  Thomas a' Becket
• In Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury tales, the pilgrims from all walks of life shared their stories in life as they visit Thomas a' Becket's grave.
• King John was threatened with the punishment of interdict and possession by Pope Innocent III
• The member of the Parliament was given the right to speak in behalf of his subjects.
• parler means to talk
• Hugh Capet is the count of Paris that assumed leadership despite having small lands.
• Philip Agustus is a French monarch that agreed to help Pope Innocent III against King John.
• St. Louis IX unified the French lands under his control by adopting a centralized legal code and was declared a saint 30 years after his death.
• Philip IV ordered to arrest Pope Boniface VII because the pope opposed the policy on new clergy taxes
• Moors is a term used by Christians to refer to the Muslims
• Louis the Child is the last Carolingian ruler that divided the eastern territory.
• King Ferdinand and Castile-Leon are known as the Catholic Monarchs
• In Europe, the Black Death began when a group of Genoese sailors felt sick and some crew members died mid voyage
• An estimated total of 25 million died each day because of the Black Death.
• Giovanni Boccaccio described the decay of Italy in his work Decameron
• The Medici Family are among the most influential patron or supporter of the cultural revival project.
• Lorenzo De Medici was called "The Magnificent" who fit the description of a Renaissance Man
• Machiavelli Doctrine emphasized the idea of "the end must justify the means"
• Niccolo Machiavelli wrote The Prince which became one of the most famous books on politics ever written.
• Leonardo da Vinci is a master draftsman that created the Virtuvian Man, Mona Lisa, and many more.
• Chiaroscuro is the effect of light and shadow on the subject
• Michelangelo's works were mostly male nudes which expressed emotions through exaggerated poses.
• The Pieta

  
• Raphael was the youngest among the great Renaissance artists who was popular for this tender portrayals of the Madonna or Mary.
• Miguel de Cervantes wrote Don Quixote de la Mancha
• Humanities is a subject taught in ancient Greece which compromised the fields of rhetoric poetry and writing
• Mannerism is characterized by a distortion of the elements of space and proportion as evident in the twisted poses