NETWORKING 1_BSIT 12A3_PRELIM 1

• Full-Size Tower case - This is a computer case which is oriented vertically. It is typically located on the floor under, or beside, a desk or table.
• Compact Tower - This is a samller version of the full-size tower and is commonly found in the corporate environment. it may also be called a mini-tower or small form factor (SFF) model.
• Horizontal case - These were popular with early computer system. The computer case was horizontally oriented on the user desk with the monitor on top.
• All-in-one - All of the computer system components are integrated into the display.
• COMPUTER CASE

  • Standard-ATX
  • Micro-ATX
  • Mini-ATX
  • Nano-ITX
  • Pico-ITX
• POWER SUPPLY - A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load.
• AT Extended (ATX) - This is the updated version of the AT but still considered to be obsolete.
• Advanced Technology (ATX12v) - This is the most common power supply on the market today.
• EPS12v - This was originally designed for network servers but is now commonly used in high-end desktop model.
• Advanced Technology (AT) - This is the original power supply for legacy computer systems now considered obsolete.
• Volts(V) - to move a charge from one location to another
• Amperes - amount of electrons moving through a circuit per second.
• Ohms - Refers to the opposition to the flow of current in a circuit.
• Watts - Computer power supplies are rated in watts.
• 20/24 Pin connector - Connects to the Motherboard

  SATA Connector - Connects Disk Drives

  Molex Connector - Connects Disk Drives, Optic Drive

  4/8 Pin Aux. Conn. - Provide addtional power to the CPU

  6/8 Pin PCIe Conn. - Provides power to the PCIe

  Berg Connector - Connects Floppy Disk Drives
• Correct Wattage - Overall Consumption + 25%

  Modular - Cables can be de-attached

  Warranty - Guaranteed until a specified time

  Price - Budget Friendly

  Expansion - Scalable Link Interf. Crossfire

  Efficiency - Bronze - 80% | Platinum - +90%
• CPU CONNECTORS - The case of a desktop computer houses the internal components such as the power supply, motherboard, central processing unit (CPU), memory, disk drives, and assorted adapter cards.
• PGA Socket - Pin Grid Array | Pins are located on the underside of the processor

  LGA Socket - Land Grid Array | Pins are located in the socket

  BGA Socket - Ball Grid Array Used to permanently mount IC to circuit
• Cores - The more cores the faster the rate of doing work or process

  Cache - The higher the stored memory the higher the data that can be process

  Thernal Design Pow - Specified how much heat does the CPU is going to give off

  Frequency - faster frequency equaled better performance

  Socket Comp - Other MOBO only support AMD and also applies for its counterpart
• ROM - Read-Only Memory chips | Information is written to a ROM chips when it is manufactured.

  PROM - Programable Read-Only Memory | Information is written to a PROM chips after it is manufactured.

  EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory | Information is written to a EPROM chips after it is manufactured.

  EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory | Information is written to a EEPROM chips after it is manufactured.
• DRAM - Dynamic RAM | Used as a main memory

  SRAM - Static RAM | Used as cache memory

  SDRAM - Synchronous Dynamic RAM | Operates in synchronization with the bus memory

  DDR - Double Data Rate | Increase perf. by transferring data twice per clock cycle

  DDR2 - Double Data Rate 2 | Decrease noise and crosswalk between the signals

  DDR3 - Double Data Rate 3 | Consumes less power and Generate less heat

  DDR4 - Double Data Rate 4 | Has advanced error correction features
• MEMORY MODULES

  DIP -Dual Inline Package | An electronic device package with a rectangular housing

  SIMM - Single Inline Mem. Module | Consisted of a small printed circuit board

  DIMM - Dual Inline Mem. Module | A circuit board that holds 168-pin for SDRAM

  SODIMM- Small Outline DIMM | 72-pin and 100-pin configuration for support of 32-bit transfer
• ADAPTER CARDS

  Sound Adapter - provide audio capability

  NIC - Network Interface Card | Connects a computer to a network using a network cable

  RAID - Redundant Array of Independent Disk | Adapter connects to multiple disk drives

  Video Adapter - provide video capability
• EXPANSION SLOT

  PCI - Peripheral Component Interconnect | is a 32-bit or 64-bit expansion slot

  Mini-PCI - This is smaller version of PCI for laptops

  PCI-X - PCI eXtended is an updated version of the standard PCI

  PCIe - PCI Express | uses a serial bus that has higher throughput and many other improvements over the older expansion slots
• STORAGE DRIVES

  HDD - are the traditional magnetic disk devices

  Optical Drive - uses lasers to read data on optical media

  SSD - use nonvolatile flash memory chips to store data

  External FD - External flash drive | such as a USB thumb drive that connects to a USB port.
• INPUT DEVICES

  MICE/KEYBOARD - These are the two most commonly used input devices

  TOUCHSCREEN - These input devices have touch or pressure sensitive screens

  SCANNERS - These devices digitize an image or document

  CARD READERS -These input devices are typically used on a computer to authenticate the user
• OUTPUT DEVICES

  LCD - Liquid Crystal Display | Commonly used in flat panel monitors and laptops

  LED - Light Emitting Diode | An LCD display that uses LED backlighting to light the display

  OLED - Organic LED | organic LED display uses a layer of organic material that responds to electrical stimulus to emit light

  PLASMA - Light Emitting Diode | Plasma displays are another type of flat panel monitor that can achieve high levels of brightness

  DLP - Digital Light Processing | is a projection technology, use a spinning color wheel with a microprocessor-controlled
• MONITOR CHARACTERISTICS

  Pixel - Picture element | Pixel are the tiny dots that comprise a screen

  Dot Pitch - is the distance between pixels on the screen

  Refresh Rate - The refresh rate is expressed in Hertz(Hz) and refers to how often per second the image is rebuilt

  Aspect Ratio - Aspect ratio is the horizontal to vertical measurement of the viewing area of a monitor
• VIDEO PORTS

  DVI - Digital Visual Interface | The DVI connector is usually white and consists of 24 pins(Digital) and 4 pins for analog

  HDMI - High Definition Multimedia Interface | was developed specifically for high-definition televisions

  RCA - RCA connectors have central plug with a ring around it and are used to carry audio or video

  VGA - Video Graphic Array | This is a connector for analog video

  BNC - Connect coaxial cables | to devices using a quarter-turn connection scheme

  PS/2 - Connector for mouse and keyboard a mini DIN-6
• MEDIA READER

  SD - Secure digital (SD) - SD cards were designed for use in portable devices such as cameras, MP3 players, and laptops.

  Micro SF - A much smaller version of SD, commonly used in smartphones and tablets

  Compact Flash - is an older format, but still in wide use because of its high speed and high capacity (up to 128 GB is common).

  Memory Stick - created by sony corporation, memory stick is a proprietary flash memory used in cameras, MP3 players, hand-held video game systems