SOCIAL STUDIES 4TH

• Progress


  Forward or onward movement toward a destination; movement toward a goal or to a further or higher stage
• Development


  Process in which someone/something grows or changes and becomes more advanced
• Economic Progress


  Can be easily measured; result of the process that show changes in the economy
• Economic Development


  Not only the idea of improvement of the economy but rather involves enhancement of human dignity, security, justice, and equality
• Progress is always part of development
• Development is a total process that involves the various aspects of society – economy, politics, social, and cultural dimensions
• Francois Quesnay


  • Believed in the rule of nature
  • Agreed on the importance of laissez faire and the effects of nature in economic development
  • Underscored the significant role of agriculture in the development
• Adam Smith (Father of Modern Economics)

  • Believed in the importance of laissez faire, together with Jean-Baptiste Say, David Ricardo, Thomas Malthus, and John Stuart Mill
  • Believed in free competition
  • His principle focuses on the development of products through specialization
• David Ricardo


  • His theory centered on the advantages provided by the possession of natural resources, particularly land
  • Stated the Law of Comparative Advantage which stresses that a country should NOT produce products if said products can be supplied by other countries at lower prices
• Neoclassical School


  • Believed in competition
  • Believed that government should provide aid and assistance to support the needs of the economy
  • Believed that there are underlying factors that contribute in the development and progress of the country
• Joseph Schumpeter


  • Believed in the theory of innovation in the economic development
  • Believed that there is a need to increase the no. of entrepreneurs and economic leaders who will play the role of innovators to improve the economy
• National Development


  Capacity of the government to provide all the needs of the people for basic needs, social services like education, healthcare, peace and order, employment, transportation, infrastructures, increasing national income
• Inclusive Growth


  Sustained growth that creates jobs, lures the majority into the economic and social mainstream, and unceasingly reduces mass poverty
• Massive Infrastructure Development


  Investment from private sectors should be encouraged to be partners in infrastructure projects which prioritizes the creation of integrated and multimodal national transport and logistic system
• Higher Governance Standards


  1. Includes governance with objective decision making, professionalism, transparency, and accountability

  2. Anti-corruption drive should be strengthened
• Human Development and Human Capital Formation

  Investment in our human resources means basic social services should be given to them (education, health, peace and order, transportation and communication)
• Human Development and Human Capital Formation

  • Education for All, K to 12 Curriculum, Alternative Learning System, Abot-Kamay Program
• Direct Poverty Relief


  Through Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), selected poor families are given financial support which is called Conditional Cash Transfer
• Employment Creation


  The government is investing in different infrastructure projects to generate employment for our workers
• Philippine Development Plan in the Different Administrations

  • Fidel Ramos Administration (1992-1998)
  • Joseph Estrada Administration (1998-2001)
  • Gloria Macapagal Arroyo Administration (2001-2010)
  • Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III Administration (2011-2016)
  • Rodrigo R. Duterte Administration
  • Ferdinand Bongbong Marcos Jr. Administration
• Agricultural Sector


  Deals with cultivating the soil, harvesting crops, and raising livestock
• Four subsectors of Agricultural Sector

  • Farming
  • Fisheries
  • Livestock
  • Forestry
• Importance of Agriculture


  • Dollar Earner
  • Supplier of Raw Materials
  • Consumer of Industrial Products
  • Provide Employment
• Problems in Agriculture

  • Environmental Damage
  • Land Conversion
  • Lack of Capital
  • Competition from Foreign Products
  • Lack of Modern Equipment and Technical Know-How
  • Land Reform Laws are not Fully Implemented
  • Widespread Animal Diseases and Epidemic
• Agrarian Reform


  Broad issue that tackles the changes in the structure and general plan of action concerning the agricultural sector
• Land Reform


  • Program that aims to provide lands to farmers
  • Involves the transfer and control of land ownership to the tillers and farmers
• Evolution of Land Reform Laws

  • The First Republic
  • American Period
  • Commonwealth Period
  • Japanese Occupation
• Individuals and corporations must own land
• Land Registration of 1902


  All land titles of the Filipinos must be registered upon the implementation of the Torrens system
• Public Land Act of 1903


  All public lands were distributed to the families who till the land
• Tenancy Act of 1933


  Law is regulated relationship between landowners and tenants of rice and sugarcane lands
• Commonwealth Act No. 178


  Known as An Amendment to Rice Tenancy Act No. 4045, provided some control over tenant-owner relations
• Commonwealth Act No. 461


  Specified reasons for the dismissal of tenants, only with the approval of the Tenancy Division of the Department of Justice
• Commonwealth Act No. 441


  Created the National Settlement Administration
• National Rice and Corn Corporation


  Established the price of rice and corn that helps the poor tenant and consumers
• Rural Program Administration


  Provides the purchase and lease of haciendas and their lease to the tenants
• During the Japanese Occupation, the Hukbalahap controlled whole areas of Central Luzon
• Landlords who supported the Japanese lost their lands to peasants. Those who supported the Hukbalahap earned fixed rentals in favor of the tenants
• Republic Act No. 34


  Regulates share lease contracts in the establishment of 70-30 share arrangements (70 for tenant, 30 for landowner)
• Republic Act No. 55


  Provided for a more effective safeguard against arbitrary ejectment of tenants